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import requests
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import csv
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from lxml import etree
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import pandas as pd
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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url = "https://www.bitpush.news/covid19/"
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headers = {
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"user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.82 Safari/537.36",
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} # 头部，伪装浏览器访问，防反爬虫。
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response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) # request.get请求网址
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html = response.text # 网址源代码
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parse = etree.HTMLParser(encoding='utf-8') # 创建HTML解析，格式为"utf-8"
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doc = etree.HTML(html)
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# xpath解析网站格式
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country = doc.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td/span/text()')
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person = doc.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/text()')
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person = [x.replace(",", "") for x in person] # 由于确诊人数中有逗号，我们使用列表推导式删除
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death = doc.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/table/tbody/tr/td[3]/text()')
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death = [x.replace(",", "") for x in death] # 同上
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message = list(zip(country, person, death)) # 打包数据之后将其转换成列表
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# csv文件保存
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with open("content.csv", "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as f: # newline=""防止空行
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w = csv.writer(f)
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w.writerows(message)
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df = pd.read_csv("content.csv", names=["country", "person", "death"])
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df1 = df.head(15) # df的前15项
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# 绘制条形图
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# 设置中文显示
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plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
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plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (10, 5) # 设置figure_size尺寸
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# x轴坐标
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x = df1["country"].values
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# y轴坐标
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y = df1["person"].values
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# 绘制柱状图
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plt.bar(x, y)
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# 设置x轴名称
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plt.xlabel("城市", fontsize=14)
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# 设置x轴名称
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plt.ylabel("确诊人数", fontsize=14)
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plt.show() # 显示条形图
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