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README.md

图书管理系统

2023年4月 成员1王昊 成员2孙艺哲 成员3张江楠 成员4郭佳慧

项目简介

本系统是程序设计与问题求解课程设计项目,实现了库存零件 CSV 格式数据文件的读取和保存以及数据的增删改查CRUD、排序和图表显示等功能。项目采用 C 语言编程实现,在 VS Code 集成开发环境IDE中用 GCC 进行编译。系统采用模块化设计,程序结构清晰,采用菜单驱动的命令行界面,操作便捷,能够用 CSV 格式读取和保存数据,通用性强,能够用图表展示数据,直观清楚。 下载地址:https://bdgit.educoder.net/mac76tib2/test.git 项目开发过程中采用 Kanban看板进行任务管理和分工协作并使用 Git 对程序代码和文档进行版本管理。任务分工情况如下:

任务 设计 开发 测试 文档
C1 王昊 王昊 张江楠 郭佳慧
C2·C3·C4·C5 张江楠 张江楠 郭佳慧 孙艺哲
C6·C7·C8·C9 郭佳慧 郭佳慧 孙艺哲 王昊
C10·C11·C12 孙艺哲 孙艺哲 王昊 张江楠

每个成员工作量(百分比):

王昊 张江楠 郭佳慧 孙艺哲
25 25 25 25

关于图书管理系统

建立一个图书馆管理系统,可以处理以下对象: 1图书馆基本信息 2图书馆的书籍 3图书馆管理员 4读者信息

需求分析

1查询图书馆的总信息 2查询图书馆藏书信息 3存入新书 4旧书处理 5根据书名检索书刊信息 6查询读者的借阅信息 7查询读者信息 8读者借书 9读者还书 10文件保存 11从文件读取

C1函数模块

1.函数原形int main(); 2.功能调用ShowMainMenu()函数,显示主界面

void ShowMainMenu()
{
	system("cls");
	printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
	printf("\t|----------------------欢迎进入---------------------------\n");
	printf("\t|                    读者管理系统                              \n");
	printf("\t|                  1、查询图书馆的总信息                         \n");
	printf("\t|                  2、查询图书馆藏书信息                          \n");
	printf("\t|                  3、存入新书                                  \n");
	printf("\t|                  4、旧书处理                                  \n");
	printf("\t|                  5、根据书名检索书刊信息                        \n");
	printf("\t|                  6、查询读者的借阅信息                         \n");
	printf("\t|                  7、查询读者信息                              \n");
	printf("\t|                  8、读者借书                                 \n");
	printf("\t|                  9、读者还书                                 \n");
	printf("\t|                  10、文件保存                                 \n");
	printf("\t|                  11、从文件读取                                \n");
	printf("\t|                  0、退出                                     \n");
	printf("\t|---------------------------------------------------------\n");
	printf("新打开程序需先添加管理员\n");
	printf("\n");
	printf("\t\t请选择0-11");
}

C2查询图书馆信息模块

函数原形void ShowLibInfo(const Book* book, const Reader* reader); 功能:接受两个形参,分别是图书的链表地址,读者的链表地址,并遍历两个链表,显示出图书的数量和读者的数量

void ShowLibInfo(const Book* book1, const Reader* reader1)
{
	Book* book = book1;
	Reader* reader = reader1;
 
 
	int bookNUm = 0, readerNUm = 0, mangerNUm = 0;
	while (book != NULL)
	{
		bookNUm++;
		book = book->next;
	}
	while (reader != NULL)
	{
		readerNUm++;
		reader = reader->next;
	}
 
	printf("本图书馆共有藏书%d本,读者%d人\n", bookNUm, readerNUm);
	printf("按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return;
}


C3查找图书馆藏书信息模块

  1. 函数原形: void ShowLibBook(Book* book);
  2. 功能: 接受一个形参:图书的链表地址,遍历该链表,显示出所有图书的信息
void ShowLibBook(Book* book1)
{
	Book* book = book1;
	while (book != NULL)
	{                     // \t :制表符
		printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%d\n", book->iNum, book->acName, book->acAuthor, book->acPress, book->iAmount);
		book = book->next;
	}
	printf("\n按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return;
}


C4存入新书信息模块

  1. 函数原形: Book* AddBook(Book* book);
  2. 功能: 接受一个形参:图书的链表地址,利用尾插对链表进行修改,添加图书
Book* AddBook(Book* book1)
{
	Book* book = book1;
 
	if (book == NULL)
	{
 
		Book* tmp = (Book*)malloc(sizeof(Book));
		tmp->next = NULL;
		assert(tmp);
		printf("输入书的编号:");
		scanf("%d", &tmp->iNum);
		getchar();
		printf("输入书的名称:");
		gets(&tmp->acName);
		printf("输入书的作者:");
		gets(tmp->acAuthor);
		printf("输入书的出版社:");
		gets(tmp->acPress);
		printf("输入书的库存量:");
		scanf("%d", &tmp->iAmount);
		book = tmp;
 
		printf("按任意键返回\n");
		getchar();
		return book;
 
		return;
	}
 
	while (1)
	{
		while (book->next == NULL)
		{
			int flag = 1;
			while (flag)
			{
				Book* tmp = (Book*)malloc(sizeof(Book));
 
				tmp->next = NULL;
				assert(tmp);
				printf("输入书的编号:");
				scanf("%d", &tmp->iNum);
				getchar();
				printf("输入书的名称:");
				gets(&tmp->acName);
				printf("输入书的作者:");
				gets(tmp->acAuthor);
				printf("输入书的出版社:");
				gets(tmp->acPress);
				printf("输入书的库存量:");
				scanf("%d", &tmp->iAmount);
 
				book->next = tmp;
 
				printf("是否继续输入:1==>继续\t0==>结束\t");
				scanf("%d", &flag);
				getchar();
				if (flag == 0)
				{
					printf("按任意键返回\n");
					getchar();
					return book1;
				}
			}
		}
		book = book->next;
	}
	printf("按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return;
}


C5:旧书处理信息模块

1函数原形: Book* DealoldBook(Book* book); 2) 功能: 接受一个形参:图书链表的地址,遍历该链表,用书的编号进行匹配,找到该图书后删除该图书,否则返回

Book* DealoldBook(Book* book1)
{
	Book* book = book1;
	Book* prev = book1;
	printf("输入要处理旧书的编号:");
	int id;
	scanf("%d", &id);
	getchar();
	while (book != NULL)
	{
 
		if (id == book->iNum)
		{
			if (book1 == book)
			{
				book = book->next;
				free(prev);
				return book;
			}
			prev->next = book->next;
			free(book);                     // free():释放资源
			printf("已将旧书处理掉!\n");
			printf("按任意键返回\n");
			getchar();
			return book1;
		}
		prev = book;
		book = book->next;
	}
	printf("没有找到该图书\n");
	printf("按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return book1;
}


C6:查找图书信息模块

1函数原形: void foundBook(Book* book); 2) 功能:接受一个形参:图书链表的地址,遍历该链表,用书的编号进行匹配,找到该图书后显示该图书,否则返回

void foundBook(Book* book1)
{
	Book* book = book1;
	printf("输入要查找的书的id:");
	int id;
	scanf("%d", &id);
	getchar();
	while (book != NULL)
	{
		if (id == book->iNum)
		{
			printf("该书的信息如下:\n");
			printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%d\n", book->iNum, book->acName, book->acAuthor, book->acPress, book->iAmount);
			printf("按任意键返回\n");
			getchar();
			return;
		}
		book = book->next;
	}
	printf("没有找到该书!\n");
	printf("按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return;
}

C7:查询读者借阅信息模块

1函数原形: void foundReader_Info(Reader* reader); 2) 功能: 接受一个形参:读者链表的地址,遍历该链表,用读者的编号进行匹配,找到该读者显示该读者的信息,否则返回

void foundReader_Info(Reader* reader1)
{
	Reader* reader = reader1; //备份
	printf("输入读者的id:");
	int id;
	scanf("%d", &id);
	getchar();
	while (reader)
	{
		if (id == reader->iNum)
		{
			printf("借阅的书的编号如下:\n");
			for (int i = 0; i < reader->iMax; i++)  //根据读者可以借阅的数量作为循环终止条件
			{
				if (reader->aiBookId[i] != 0)       //数组里不为0证明有一条记录因为数组初始化为0并且书的编号不可能为0
				{
					printf("%d\n", reader->aiBookId[i]);
				}
			}
			printf("按任意键返回\n");
			getchar();
			return;
		}
		reader = reader->next;
	}
	printf("没有该读者!\n");
	printf("按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return;

}

C8:查询读者借书模块

1函数原形: void foundReaderInfo(Reader* reader); 2功能: 接受一个形参:读者链表的地址,遍历该链表,用读者的编号进行匹配,找到该读者显示该读者的借阅信息,否则返回

void foundReaderInfo(Reader* reader1)
{
	Reader* reader = reader1;
	printf("输入读者的id:");
	int id;
	scanf("%d", &id);
	getchar();
	while (reader)
	{
		if (id == reader->iNum)
		{
			printf("读者id:%d\n", reader->iNum);
			printf("读者姓名:%s\n", reader->acName);
			printf("读者性别:%s\n", reader->acSex);
			printf("读者职位:%s\n", reader->position);
			printf("读者已借阅书的数量:%d\n", reader->iAmount);
			printf("按任意键返回\n");
			getchar();
			return;
		}
		reader = reader->next;
	}
	printf("没有找到该读者\n");
	printf("按任意键返回\n");
	getchar();
	return;
}




C9:读者借书模块

1)函数原形: Reader* LendBook(Reader* reader, Book* book); 2)功能:接受两个形参:读者链表地址和图书链表地址,用读者的编号进行匹配,找到该读者后,用图书的编号进行匹配,进行借书,否则返回

Reader* LendBook(Reader* reader1, Book* book1)
{
	Reader* reader = reader1;
	Book* book = book1;
 
	Reader* prev = reader1;
	Reader* tmpp = reader1;
 
	printf("输入读者id:");
	int id;
	scanf("%d", &id);
	getchar();
 
	if (reader == NULL)
	{
		Reader* tmp = (Reader*)malloc(sizeof(Reader));
		tmp->next = NULL;
		tmp->iAmount = 0;
		tmp->iNum = id;
 
		printf("输入读者名字:");
		scanf("%s", &tmp->acName);
		getchar();
		printf("输入读者性别:");
		scanf("%s", &tmp->acSex);
		getchar();
		printf("输入读者职位:<student\tor\tteacher>");
		scanf("%s", &tmp->position);
		getchar();
		if (strcmp(tmp->position, "student") == 0)
		{
			tmp->iMax = 20;
			tmp->day = 30;
		}
		else {
			tmp->iMax = 40;
			tmp->day = 60;
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < tmp->iMax; i++)
		{
			tmp->aiBookId[i] = 0;
		}
		printf("输入要借的书的编号:");
		int id_book;
		scanf("%d", &id_book);
		getchar();
		while (book != NULL)
		{
			if (id_book == book->iNum)
			{
				if (book->iAmount <= 1)
				{
					printf("借阅失败,该图书库存不足.\n");
					printf("按任意键返回\n");
					getchar();
					return NULL;
				}
				if ((tmp->iAmount) + 1 > tmp->iMax)
				{
					printf("借阅失败,该读者借阅图书数量已达上线.\n");
					printf("按任意键返回\n");
					getchar();
					return NULL;
				}
				book->iAmount--;
				tmp->aiBookId[tmp->iAmount] = id_book;
				tmp->iAmount;
				reader = tmp;
				printf("借阅成功!\n");
				printf("按任意键返回\n");
				getchar();
				return reader;
			}
			book = book->next;
		}
		printf("没有找到该书!\n");
		printf("按任意键返回\n");
		getchar();
		return reader1;
	}
	if (reader != NULL)
	{
		while (reader != NULL)
		{
			if (id == reader->iNum)
			{
				printf("图使馆当前的书籍册:\n");
				ShowLibBook(book);
				printf("输入要借的书的编号:");
				int id_book;
				scanf("%d", &id_book);
				getchar();
				while (book != NULL)
				{
					if (id_book == book->iNum)
					{
						if (book->iAmount <= 1)
						{
							printf("借阅失败,该图书库存不足.\n");
							printf("按任意键返回\n");
							getchar();
							return reader1;
						}
						if (tmpp->iAmount + 1 > tmpp->iMax)
						{
							printf("借阅失败,该读者借阅图书数量已达上线.\n");
							printf("按任意键返回\n");
							getchar();
							return reader1;
						}
						reader->iAmount++;
						reader->aiBookId[tmpp->iAmount] = id_book;
						return reader1;
					}
					book = book->next;
				}
				printf("没有找到该书!\n");
				printf("按任意键返回\n");
			}
			reader = reader->next;
		}
	}
 
 
}



C10:读者还书模块

函数原形void returnBook(Reader* reader, Book* book); 功能:接受两个形参:读者链表地址和图书链表地址,用读者的编号进行匹配,找到该读者后,用图书的编号进行匹配,进行还书,否则返回

void returnBook(Reader* reader1, Book* book1)
{
	Reader* reader = reader1;
	Book* book = book1;
	printf("请输入读者的id:");
	int id;
	scanf("%d", &id);
	getchar();
 
	if (reader != NULL)
	{
		while (reader != NULL)
		{
			if (id == reader->iNum)
			{
				printf("请输入要还的书的编号:");
				int id_book;
				scanf("%d", &id_book);
				getchar();
				for (int i = 0; i < reader->iMax; i++)
				{
					if (reader->aiBookId[i] == id_book)
					{
						reader->aiBookId[i] = 0;
						while (book)
						{
							if (id_book == book->iNum)
							{
								book->iAmount++;
								printf("还书成功!\n");
								printf("按任意键返回\n");
								getchar();
								return reader1;
							}
							book = book->next;
						}
					}
				}
				printf("没有找到该图书检查图书的Id\n");
 
				printf("按任意键返回\n");
				getchar();
				return reader1;
			}
			reader = reader->next;
		}
		printf("没有找到该读者检查读者id是否输入有误\n");
		printf("按任意键返回\n");
		getchar();
		return reader1;
	}
}

C11:保存信息模块

1函数原形: void save(Book* book); 2) 功能接受一个形参book的链表地址新建一个文件将链表中的信息保存到硬盘中

void save(Book* book1)
{
	FILE* fp;
	Book* pCur = book1;
	int iCount = 0;
 
	if (pCur == NULL)
	{
		printf("\n没有学生记录!\n");
		return;
	}
 
	if ((fp = fopen("book.txt", "wb")) == NULL)
	{
		printf("创建文件失败!\n");
		getchar();
		exit(1);
	}
	while (pCur)
	{
		fwrite(pCur, sizeof(Book), 1, fp);
		pCur = pCur->next;
		iCount++;
	}
	printf("\n");
 
	printf("保存文件的数据数目为:%d\n", iCount);
	fclose(fp);
}

C12:读取信息模块

1函数原形: Book* read1(); 2) 功能打开一个文件将文件中的信息读取到内存中并返回一个Book类型的指针

Book* read1()
{
	FILE* fp;
	Book* pHead = NULL, * pTemp = NULL, * pCur = NULL;
 
	if ((fp = fopen("book.txt", "r")) == NULL)
	{
		printf("\n文件打开失败!请检查文件名!\n");
		exit(0);
	}
	pTemp = (Book*)malloc(sizeof(Book));
	while (fread(pTemp, sizeof(Book), 1, fp))
	{
		if (!pHead)
		{
			pHead = pCur = pTemp;
		}
		else
		{
			pCur->next = pTemp;
			pCur = pTemp;
		}
		pTemp = (Book*)malloc(sizeof(Book));
	}
	fclose(fp);
	return pHead;
}

概要设计

系统主要为开始界面和数据处理两大模块 开始界面即显示主要功能 数据处理包括: 查询图书馆的总信息 查询图书馆藏书信息 存入新书 旧书处理 根据书名检索书刊信息 查询读者的借阅信息 查询读者信息 读者借书 读者还书 文件保存 从文件读取 上述各模块通过主程序main进行调用系统模块图如下: +----------------+ +----------------+ | Start | | End | +----------------+ +----------------+ | | v v +----------------+ +----------------+ | ShowMainMenu | | ShowLibInfo | +----------------+ +----------------+ | | v v +----------------+ +----------------+ | ShowLibBook | | AddBook | +----------------+ +----------------+ | | v v +----------------+ +----------------+ | DealoldBook | | foundBook | +----------------+ +----------------+ | | v v +----------------+ +----------------+ | foundReader_Info| | foundReaderInfo| +----------------+ +----------------+ | | v v +----------------+ +----------------+ | LendBook | | returnBook | +----------------+ +----------------+ | | v v +----------------+ +----------------+ | save | | read1 | +----------------+ +----------------+

详细设计

针对概要设计

C1:void ShowLibInfo(const Book* book, const Reader* reader);\查询图书馆的总信息 c2 C2:void ShowLibBook(Book* book);\查询图书馆藏书信息 c3 C3:Book* AddBook(Book* book);\存入新书 c4 C4:Book* DealoldBook(Book* book);\旧书处理 c5 C5:void foundBook(Book* book);\根据书名检索书刊信息 555 C6:void foundReader_Info(Reader* reader);\查询读者的借阅信息 666 C7:void foundReaderInfo(Reader* reader);\查询读者信息 777 C8:Reader* LendBook(Reader* reader, Book* book);\读者借书 888 C9:void returnBook(Reader* reader, Book* book);\读者还书 999 C10:void save(Book* book);\文件保存 000 C11:Book* read1();\从文件读取 111