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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">简明 zCore 教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="zcore-intro.html">🚧 zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="fuchsia.html">🚧 Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 内核对象</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-kernel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> ✅ 初识内核对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-process-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 🚧 对象管理器：Process 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-channel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 🚧 对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 任务管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-01-zircon-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 任务管理体系</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-02-process-job-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 🚧 进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-03-thread-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 🚧 线程管理：Thread 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 内存管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-zircon-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 内存管理模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-vmo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：VMO 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-vmo-paged.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-vmar.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 🚧 虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-userspace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 用户程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-user-program.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 用户程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-context-switch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 🚧 上下文切换</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-syscall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 🚧 系统调用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-signal-and-waiting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 信号和等待</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-wait-signal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 🚧 等待内核对象的信号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-port-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 🚧 同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-more-signal-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 🚧 实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-04-futex-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 🚧 用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">简明 zCore 教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="zcore-intro.html">🚧 zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="fuchsia.html">🚧 Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 内核对象</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-kernel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> ✅ 初识内核对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-process-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 🚧 对象管理器：Process 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-channel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 🚧 对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 任务管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-01-zircon-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 任务管理体系</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-02-process-job-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 🚧 进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-03-thread-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 🚧 线程管理：Thread 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 内存管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-zircon-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 内存管理模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-vmo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：VMO 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-vmo-paged.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-vmar.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 🚧 虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-userspace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 用户程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-user-program.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 用户程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-context-switch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 🚧 上下文切换</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-syscall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 🚧 系统调用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-signal-and-waiting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 信号和等待</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-wait-signal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 🚧 等待内核对象的信号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-port-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 🚧 同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-more-signal-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 🚧 实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-04-futex-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 🚧 用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></li></ol></li></ol> </div>
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<h1 class="menu-title">简明 zCore 教程</h1>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">简明 zCore 教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="zcore-intro.html">🚧 zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="fuchsia.html">🚧 Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-object.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 内核对象</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-kernel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> ✅ 初识内核对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-process-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 🚧 对象管理器：Process 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-channel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 🚧 对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 任务管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-01-zircon-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 任务管理体系</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-02-process-job-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 🚧 进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-03-thread-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 🚧 线程管理：Thread 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 内存管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-zircon-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 内存管理模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-vmo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：VMO 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-vmo-paged.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-vmar.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 🚧 虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-userspace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 用户程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-user-program.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 用户程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-context-switch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 🚧 上下文切换</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-syscall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 🚧 系统调用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-signal-and-waiting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 信号和等待</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-wait-signal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 🚧 等待内核对象的信号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-port-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 🚧 同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-more-signal-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 🚧 实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-04-futex-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 🚧 用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">简明 zCore 教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="zcore-intro.html">🚧 zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="fuchsia.html">🚧 Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 内核对象</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-kernel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> ✅ 初识内核对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-process-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 🚧 对象管理器：Process 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-channel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 🚧 对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 任务管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-01-zircon-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 任务管理体系</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-02-process-job-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 🚧 进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-03-thread-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 🚧 线程管理：Thread 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 内存管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-zircon-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 内存管理模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-vmo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：VMO 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-vmo-paged.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-vmar.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 🚧 虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-userspace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 用户程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-user-program.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 用户程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-context-switch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 🚧 上下文切换</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-syscall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 🚧 系统调用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-signal-and-waiting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 信号和等待</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-wait-signal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 🚧 等待内核对象的信号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-port-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 🚧 同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-more-signal-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 🚧 实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-04-futex-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 🚧 用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="index.html">简明 zCore 教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="zcore-intro.html">🚧 zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="fuchsia.html">🚧 Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-00-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 内核对象</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-01-kernel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> ✅ 初识内核对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-02-process-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 🚧 对象管理器：Process 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch01-03-channel-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 🚧 对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-00-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 任务管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-01-zircon-task.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 任务管理体系</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-02-process-job-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 🚧 进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch02-03-thread-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 🚧 线程管理：Thread 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-00-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 内存管理</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-01-zircon-memory.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 内存管理模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-02-vmo.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：VMO 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-03-vmo-paged.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 🚧 物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch03-04-vmar.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 🚧 虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-00-userspace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 用户程序</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-01-user-program.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 🚧 Zircon 用户程序</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-02-context-switch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 🚧 上下文切换</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch04-03-syscall.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.3.</strong> 🚧 系统调用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-00-signal-and-waiting.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 信号和等待</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-01-wait-signal.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 🚧 等待内核对象的信号</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-02-port-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 🚧 同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-03-more-signal-objects.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 🚧 实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="ch05-04-futex-object.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 🚧 用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></li></ol></li></ol> </div>
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<h1 class="menu-title">简明 zCore 教程</h1>
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<p>鉴于此，本教程假设读者了解操作系统基本概念和原理，具有常用的 Linux 系统使用经验，并且会使用 Rust 语言编写简单程序。
如果读者不熟悉操作系统和 Rust 语言，希望以自底向上方法从零构建操作系统，<a href="https://rcore-os.github.io/rCore-Tutorial-deploy/">rCore Tutorial</a> 可能是更好的选择。</p>
<p>如果你准备好了，让我们开始吧！</p>
<h1 id="zcore-整体结构和设计模式"><a class="header" href="#zcore-整体结构和设计模式">zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="zcore-整体结构和设计模式"><a class="header" href="#zcore-整体结构和设计模式">zCore 整体结构和设计模式</a></h1>
<p>首先，从 <a href="https://github.com/rcore-os/zCore/wiki/files/wrj-thesis.pdf">Rust语言操作系统的设计与实现,王润基本科毕设论文,2019</a> 和 <a href="https://github.com/rcore-os/zCore/wiki/files/pql-thesis.pdf">zCore操作系统内核的设计与实现,潘庆霖本科毕设论文,2020</a> 可以了解到从 rCore 的设计到 zCore 的设计过程的全貌。</p>
<h2 id="zcore-的整体结构"><a class="header" href="#zcore-的整体结构">zCore 的整体结构</a></h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rcore-os/zCore">zCore</a> 的整体结构/项目设计图如下：</p>
@ -203,13 +181,13 @@
<p>在zCore启动过程中，会初始化物理页帧分配器、堆分配器、线程调度器等各个组成部分。并委托 zircon-­loader 进行内核对象的初始化创建过程，然后进入用户态的启动过程开始执行。每当用户态触发系统调用进入内核态，系统调用处理例程将会通过已实现的内核对象的功能来对服务请求进行处理；而对应的内核对象的内部实现所需要的各种底层操作，则是通过 HAL 层接口由各个内核组件负责提供。</p>
<p>其中，VDSO（Virtual dynamic shared object）是一个映射到用户空间的 so 文件，可以在不陷入内核的情况下执行一些简单的系统调用。在设计中，所有中断都需要经过 VDSO 拦截进行处理，因此重写 VDSO 便可以实现自定义的对下层系统调用（syscall）的支持。Executor 是 zCore 中基于 Rust 的 <code>async</code> 机制的协程调度器。</p>
<p>在HAL接口层的设计上，还借助了 Rust 的能够指定函数链接过程的特性。即，在 kernel-­hal 中规定了所有可供 zircon­-object 库及 zircon-­syscall 库调用的虚拟硬件接口，以函数 API 的形式给出，但是内部均为未实现状态，并设置函数为弱引用链接状态。在 kernel­-hal-­bare 中才给出裸机环境下的硬件接口具体实现，编译 zCore 项目时、链接的过程中将会替换/覆盖 kernel-­hal 中未实现的同名接口，从而达到能够在编译时灵活选择 HAL 层的效果。</p>
<h1 id="fuchsia-os-和-zircon-微内核"><a class="header" href="#fuchsia-os-和-zircon-微内核">Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></h1>
<h1 id="内核对象"><a class="header" href="#内核对象">内核对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="fuchsia-os-和-zircon-微内核"><a class="header" href="#fuchsia-os-和-zircon-微内核">Fuchsia OS 和 Zircon 微内核</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="内核对象"><a class="header" href="#内核对象">内核对象</a></h1>
<p>Zircon 是一个基于内核对象的系统。系统的功能被划分到若干组内核对象中。</p>
<p>作为一切的开始，本章首先构造了一个内核对象框架，作为后面实现的基础。
然后我们实现第一个内核对象 —— <code>Process</code>，它是所有对象的容器，也是将来我们操作对象的入口点。
最后会实现一个稍微复杂但是极其重要的对象 <code>Channel</code>，它是进程间通信（IPC）的基础设施，也是传送对象的唯一管道。</p>
<h1 id="初识内核对象"><a class="header" href="#初识内核对象">初识内核对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="初识内核对象"><a class="header" href="#初识内核对象">初识内核对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="内核对象简介"><a class="header" href="#内核对象简介">内核对象简介</a></h2>
<p>在动手编写我们的代码之前，需要首先进行调研和学习，对目标对象有一个全面系统的了解。
而了解一个项目设计的最好方式就是阅读官方提供的手册和文档。</p>
@ -602,7 +580,7 @@ pub struct DummyObject;
<p>由于 Rust 独特的<a href="https://kaisery.github.io/trpl-zh-cn/ch17-00-oop.html">面向对象编程特性</a>，我们在实现内核对象的过程中遇到了一定的挑战。
不过万事开头难，解决这些问题为整个项目打下了坚实基础，后面实现新的内核对象就会变得简单很多。</p>
<p>在下一节中，我们将介绍内核对象相关的另外两个概念：句柄和权限，并实现内核对象的存储和访问。</p>
<h1 id="对象管理器process-对象"><a class="header" href="#对象管理器process-对象">对象管理器：Process 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="对象管理器process-对象"><a class="header" href="#对象管理器process-对象">对象管理器：Process 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="句柄和权限"><a class="header" href="#句柄和权限">句柄和权限</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>介绍并实现 Handle，Rights</p>
@ -791,7 +769,7 @@ impl Process {
}
}
</code></pre>
<h1 id="对象传送器channel-对象"><a class="header" href="#对象传送器channel-对象">对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="对象传送器channel-对象"><a class="header" href="#对象传送器channel-对象">对象传送器：Channel 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="创建一对内核对象"><a class="header" href="#创建一对内核对象">创建一对内核对象</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>实现 Channel::create</p>
@ -801,7 +779,7 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 read, write 函数，read_write 单元测试</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="任务管理"><a class="header" href="#任务管理">任务管理</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="任务管理"><a class="header" href="#任务管理">任务管理</a></h1>
<p>本章我们来实现第一类内核对象：任务管理（Tasks）。</p>
<p>任务对象主要包括：线程 <code>Thread</code>，进程 <code>Process</code>，作业 <code>Job</code>。以及一些辅助性的对象，例如负责暂停任务执行的 <code>SuspendToken</code> 和负责处理异常的 <code>Exception</code>。</p>
<p>为了能够真实表现线程对象的行为，我们使用 Rust async 运行时 <a href="https://docs.rs/async-std/1.6.2/async_std/index.html"><code>async_std</code></a> 中的<strong>用户态协程</strong>来模拟<strong>内核线程</strong>。
@ -809,8 +787,8 @@ impl Process {
考虑到未来这个 OS 会跑在裸机环境中，将会有不同的内核线程的实现，我们创建一个特殊的<strong>硬件抽象层（Hardware Abstraction Layer，HAL）</strong>，来屏蔽底层平台的差异，对上提供一个统一的接口。
这个 HAL 的接口未来会根据需要进行扩充。</p>
<p>本章中我们只会实现运行一个程序所必需的最小功能子集，剩下的部分则留到跑起用户程序之后再按需实现。</p>
<h1 id="zircon-任务管理体系"><a class="header" href="#zircon-任务管理体系">Zircon 任务管理体系</a></h1>
<h1 id="进程管理process-与-job-对象"><a class="header" href="#进程管理process-与-job-对象">进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="zircon-任务管理体系"><a class="header" href="#zircon-任务管理体系">Zircon 任务管理体系</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="进程管理process-与-job-对象"><a class="header" href="#进程管理process-与-job-对象">进程管理：Process 与 Job 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="process-与-job"><a class="header" href="#process-与-job">Process 与 Job</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>介绍 Process 与 Job 的整体设计</p>
@ -820,7 +798,7 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 JobPolicy</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="线程管理thread-对象"><a class="header" href="#线程管理thread-对象">线程管理：Thread 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="线程管理thread-对象"><a class="header" href="#线程管理thread-对象">线程管理：Thread 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="线程状态"><a class="header" href="#线程状态">线程状态</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>状态转移：创建 -&gt; 运行 -&gt; 暂停 -&gt; 退出，最好有个状态机的图</p>
@ -840,9 +818,9 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>将 HAL 接入 Thread::start，编写单元测试验证能启动多线程</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="内存管理"><a class="header" href="#内存管理">内存管理</a></h1>
<h1 id="zircon-内存管理模型"><a class="header" href="#zircon-内存管理模型">Zircon 内存管理模型</a></h1>
<h1 id="物理内存vmo-对象"><a class="header" href="#物理内存vmo-对象">物理内存：VMO 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="内存管理"><a class="header" href="#内存管理">内存管理</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="zircon-内存管理模型"><a class="header" href="#zircon-内存管理模型">Zircon 内存管理模型</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="物理内存vmo-对象"><a class="header" href="#物理内存vmo-对象">物理内存：VMO 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="vmo-简介"><a class="header" href="#vmo-简介">VMO 简介</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>根据文档梳理 VMO 的主要特性</p>
@ -865,7 +843,7 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 VmObjectSlice，并做单元测试</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="物理内存按页分配的-vmo"><a class="header" href="#物理内存按页分配的-vmo">物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="物理内存按页分配的-vmo"><a class="header" href="#物理内存按页分配的-vmo">物理内存：按页分配的 VMO</a></h1>
<h2 id="简介"><a class="header" href="#简介">简介</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>说明一下：Zircon 的官方实现中为了高效支持写时复制，使用了复杂精巧的树状数据结构，但它同时也引入了复杂性和各种 Bug。
@ -888,7 +866,7 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 create_child 函数</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="虚拟内存vmar-对象"><a class="header" href="#虚拟内存vmar-对象">虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="虚拟内存vmar-对象"><a class="header" href="#虚拟内存vmar-对象">虚拟内存：VMAR 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="vmar-简介"><a class="header" href="#vmar-简介">VMAR 简介</a></h2>
<h2 id="实现-vmar-对象框架"><a class="header" href="#实现-vmar-对象框架">实现 VMAR 对象框架</a></h2>
<blockquote>
@ -903,8 +881,8 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>用 HAL 实现上面 VMAR 留空的部分，并做单元测试验证内存映射</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="用户程序"><a class="header" href="#用户程序">用户程序</a></h1>
<h1 id="zircon-用户程序"><a class="header" href="#zircon-用户程序">Zircon 用户程序</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="用户程序"><a class="header" href="#用户程序">用户程序</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="zircon-用户程序"><a class="header" href="#zircon-用户程序">Zircon 用户程序</a></h1>
<h2 id="用户态启动流程"><a class="header" href="#用户态启动流程">用户态启动流程</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>kernel -&gt; userboot -&gt; bootsvc -&gt; component_manager -&gt; sh / device_manager</p>
@ -933,7 +911,7 @@ impl Process {
<p>实现 zircon-loader 中的 run_userboot 函数</p>
<p>能够进入用户态并在第一个系统调用时跳转回来</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="上下文切换"><a class="header" href="#上下文切换">上下文切换</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="上下文切换"><a class="header" href="#上下文切换">上下文切换</a></h1>
<blockquote>
<p>本节介绍 trapframe-rs 中 <a href="https://github.com/rcore-os/trapframe-rs/blob/master/src/arch/x86_64/fncall.rs">fncall.rs</a> 的魔法实现</p>
</blockquote>
@ -957,7 +935,7 @@ impl Process {
<p>由于 macOS 用户程序无法修改 fs 寄存器，当运行相关指令时会访问非法内存地址触发段错误。</p>
<p>我们需要实现段错误信号处理函数，并在其中动态修改用户程序指令，将 fs 改为 gs。</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="系统调用"><a class="header" href="#系统调用">系统调用</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="系统调用"><a class="header" href="#系统调用">系统调用</a></h1>
<h2 id="获取系统调用参数"><a class="header" href="#获取系统调用参数">获取系统调用参数</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>从寄存器中获取参数</p>
@ -970,8 +948,8 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 sys_channel_read 和 sys_debuglog_write</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="信号和等待"><a class="header" href="#信号和等待">信号和等待</a></h1>
<h1 id="等待内核对象的信号"><a class="header" href="#等待内核对象的信号">等待内核对象的信号</a></h1>
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<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="等待内核对象的信号"><a class="header" href="#等待内核对象的信号">等待内核对象的信号</a></h1>
<h2 id="信号与等待机制简介"><a class="header" href="#信号与等待机制简介">信号与等待机制简介</a></h2>
<h2 id="在内核对象中加入信号"><a class="header" href="#在内核对象中加入信号">在内核对象中加入信号</a></h2>
<blockquote>
@ -986,7 +964,7 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 wait_signal_many 函数，并做单元测试</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="同时等待多个信号port-对象"><a class="header" href="#同时等待多个信号port-对象">同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="同时等待多个信号port-对象"><a class="header" href="#同时等待多个信号port-对象">同时等待多个信号：Port 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="port-对象简介"><a class="header" href="#port-对象简介">Port 对象简介</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>同时提及一下 Linux 的 epoll 机制作为对比</p>
@ -999,7 +977,7 @@ impl Process {
<blockquote>
<p>实现 KernelObject::send_signal_to_port 和 Port::wait 函数，并做单元测试</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="实现更多eventpair-timer-对象"><a class="header" href="#实现更多eventpair-timer-对象">实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="实现更多eventpair-timer-对象"><a class="header" href="#实现更多eventpair-timer-对象">实现更多：EventPair, Timer 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="event-对象"><a class="header" href="#event-对象">Event 对象</a></h2>
<h2 id="eventpair-对象"><a class="header" href="#eventpair-对象">EventPair 对象</a></h2>
<h2 id="hal定时器"><a class="header" href="#hal定时器">HAL：定时器</a></h2>
@ -1007,7 +985,7 @@ impl Process {
<p>实现 timer_now, timer_set，在此基础上实现 SleepFuture</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="timer-对象"><a class="header" href="#timer-对象">Timer 对象</a></h2>
<h1 id="用户态同步互斥futex-对象"><a class="header" href="#用户态同步互斥futex-对象">用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></h1>
<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div><h1 id="用户态同步互斥futex-对象"><a class="header" href="#用户态同步互斥futex-对象">用户态同步互斥：Futex 对象</a></h1>
<h2 id="futex-机制简介"><a class="header" href="#futex-机制简介">Futex 机制简介</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Futex 是现代 OS 中用户态同步互斥的唯一底层设施</p>
@ -1027,9 +1005,7 @@ impl Process {
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