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# StudentManagementSystem
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# **分组实验报告**
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**小组成员：**何童（组长）、张健、张逸儒、吴涛、黄宇豪、江昱升、谭勇、梅开明
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### **1.题目**
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实现一个简易的学生信息管理系统，其中学生信息包括：学号、姓名、性别、年龄、专业等。要求系统能提供建立、查询、删除、增加和排序等功能。（可以自行增加完善系统功能，比如：可以增加其他学生信息用于学生的评优评奖等）
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### **2.需求分析**
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需求分析：
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1) 系统功能：
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\* 建立：能够在系统中新建学生信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄、专业等内容。
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\* 查询：能够根据学号、姓名、专业等查找学生信息，并以列表方式展示搜索结果。
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\* 删除：能够删除指定学生的信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄、专业等内容。
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\* 增加：能够添加新的学生信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄、专业等内容。
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2) 用户界面：
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\* 界面设计简洁明了，易于操作。
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\* 用户可在操作界面直观地查看、编辑、删除和增加学生信息。
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\* 用户可根据选择的排序方式对学生信息进行排序。
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\* 系统提供各种适用的提示信息，方便用户操作。
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3) 数据存储：
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\* 学生信息应以记录形式存储，可以使用结构体数组等方式进行存储。
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\* 学号是学生信息的唯一标识，因此要确保学号具有唯一性，避免出现重复的学生信息。
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### **3.概要设计**
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1）数据结构：
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\* 结构体 `Date`：用于存储日期，包括年、月、日。
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\* 结构体 `Student`：用于存储一个学生的信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄、专业和生日，其中生日是另一个结构体 `Date`。
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2）实现过程：
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1. 定义结构体 `Date` 和 结构体 `Student`。
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2. 定义一个结构体 `Student` 的数组 `student`。
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3. 实现菜单界面函数 `menu()`，通过 `printf` 函数对菜单文字进行输出。
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4. 实现添加学生信息函数 `addStudent()`，通过 `scanf` 函数对学生的各项信息进行输入保存。
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5. 实现查询学生信息函数 `searchStudent()`，通过 `scanf` 函数读入 1 或 2，根据是要求根据学号查询还是根据姓名查询来选择执行相应的代码。
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6. 实现删除学生信息函数 `deleteStudent()`，通过 `scanf` 函数读入 1 或 2，根据是要求根据学号删除还是根据姓名删除来选择执行相应的代码。
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7. 实现列出所有学生信息函数 `listStudent()`，通过 `printf` 函数对所有学生的信息进行列出输出。
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8. 实现退出系统函数 `shutdown()`，将变量 `run` 的值赋为 0，从而退出系统。
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9. 主函数按照菜单选项进行函数的调用，直至退出系统。
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### **4.详细设计**
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```
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1. **数据结构**
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`
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`struct Date {
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int year;
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int month;
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int day;
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};
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struct Student {
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int ID;
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char name[20];
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char sex[2]; // 男/女
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int age;
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char major[20];
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struct Date birthday;
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};
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**2.函数声明**：
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void menu();
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void addStudent();
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void listStudent();
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void searchStudent();
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void deleteStudent();
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void shutdown();
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**3.函数实现：**
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#define N 99
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static int run;
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static int num;
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static struct Student student[N];
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void menu() {
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printf("\n\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("\*-----------------数据结构第十一组-----------------\*\n");
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printf("\* 学生信息管理系统 \*\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*系统功能菜单\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("------------------------- ------------------------\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("\*\* 1、增加学生信息 2、查询学生信息 \*\*\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("\*\* 3、删除学生信息 4、列出所有学生信息\*\*\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("\*\* 5、退出系统 \*\*\*\n");
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printf("\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\n");
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printf("---------------------- -------------------------\n");
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}
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void addSTudent(){ //增加学生信息
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` `int i = 0;
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` `while(1){
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` `if(student[i].ID == 0&&i!=N){//找一个空位置存放该学生信息
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` `scanf:
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` `printf("请输入学生学号：");
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` `scanf("%d",&student[i].ID);
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` `for(int j=0;j<N;j++){
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` `if(student[i].ID == student[j].ID&&i!=j){
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` `printf("该学生学号已经存在，请重新输入\n");
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` `goto scanf;
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` `}
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` `}
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` `printf("请输入学生姓名：");
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` `scanf("%s",student[i].name);
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` `printf("请输入学生生日(格式年/月/日)：");
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` `scanf("%d/%d/%d",&student[i].birthday.year,&student[i].birthday.month,&student[i].birthday.day);
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` `printf("请输入学生性别：");
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` `scanf("%s",student[i].sex);
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` `printf("请输入学生年龄：");
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` `scanf("%d",&student[i].age);
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` `printf("请输入学生专业：");
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` `scanf("%s",student[i].major);
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` `break;
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` `}
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` `i++;
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` `}
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` `printf("添加成功\n");
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` `system("pause");
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}
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void listStudent(){
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` `printf("姓名\t学号\t性别\t年龄\t专业\t\t生日\n");
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` `for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
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` `if(student[i].ID != 0){
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` `printf("%s\t%d\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%d年%d月%d日\n",student[i].name,student[i].ID,student[i].sex,student[i].age,student[i].major,student[i].birthday.year,student[i].birthday.month,student[i].birthday.day);
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` `}
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` `}
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` `system("pause");
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}
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void searchStudent(){
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` `int tab;
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` `int ID;
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` `char name[20];
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` `printf("\n\n");
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` `printf("===================================\n");
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` `printf("\*\*1.根据ID查找 \*\*2.根据姓名查找\n");
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` `printf("=====输入其他任意数字返回主菜单====\n");
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` `printf("===================================\n");
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` `printf("请输入菜单编号：");
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` `scanf("%d",&tab);
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` `switch (tab) {
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` `case 1:
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` `int flag1 = 0;
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` `printf("请输入要查找的ID：");
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` `scanf("%d",&ID);
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` `for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
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` `if(student[i].ID == ID){
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` `printf("%s\t%d\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%d年%d月%d日\n",student[i].name,student[i].ID,student[i].sex,student[i].age,student[i].major,student[i].birthday.year,student[i].birthday.month,student[i].birthday.day);
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` `flag1 = 1;
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` `}
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` `}
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` `if(flag1 == 0){
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` `printf("查无此人\n");
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` `}
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` `break;
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` `case 2:
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` `int flag2 = 0;
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` `printf("请输入要查找的姓名：");
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` `scanf("%s",name);
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` `for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
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` `if(strcmp(student[i].name,name)==0){
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` `printf("%s\t%d\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%d年%d月%d日\n",student[i].name,student[i].ID,student[i].sex,student[i].age,student[i].major,student[i].birthday.year,student[i].birthday.month,student[i].birthday.day);
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` `flag2 = 1;
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` `}
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` `}
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` `if(flag2 == 0){
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` `printf("查无此人\n");
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` `}
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` `break;
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` `default:
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` `break;
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` `}
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` `system("pause");
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}
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void deleteStudent(){
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` `int tab;
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` `int ID;
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` `char name[20];
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` `printf("\n\n");
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` `printf("===================================\n");
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` `printf("\*\*1.根据ID删除 \*\*2.根据姓名删除\n");
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` `printf("=====输入其他任意数字返回主菜单====\n");
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` `printf("==========不建议根据姓名删除=======\n");
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` `printf("===================================\n");
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` `printf("请输入菜单编号：");
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` `scanf("%d",&tab);
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` `switch (tab) {
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` `case 1:
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` `int flag1 = 0;
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` `printf("请输入要删除的ID：");
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` `scanf("%d",&ID);
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` `for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
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` `if(student[i].ID == ID){
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` `student[i] = student[N];
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` `flag1 = 1;
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` `}
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` `}
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` `if(flag1 == 0){
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` `printf("查无此人\n");
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` `}
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` `break;
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` `case 2:
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` `int flag2 = 0;
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` `printf("请输入要删除的姓名：");
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` `scanf("%s",name);
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` `for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
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` `if(strcmp(student[i].name,name)==0){
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` `student[i] = student[N];
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` `flag2 = 1;
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` `}
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` `}
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` `if(flag2 == 0){
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` `printf("查无此人\n");
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` `}
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` `break;
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` `default:
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` `break;
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` `}
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}
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void shutdown(){
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` `run = 0;
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}
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int main(int argc, char \*argv[]) {
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` `run = 1;
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` `while(run){
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` `system("cls");
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` `menu();
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|
` `printf("请输入菜单编号:");
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|
|
` `scanf("%d",&num);
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|
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|
|
` `switch (num) {
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
` `case 1:
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
` `addSTudent();
|
|
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|
|
` `break;
|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
` `case 2:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `searchStudent();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `break;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `case 3:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `deleteStudent();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
` `break;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `case 4:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `listStudent();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `break;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `case 5:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `shutdown();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `break;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `default:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `printf("输入错误，请重新输入");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `break;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
` `return 0;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### **5.测试结果**
|
|
|
|
|
|
**1.添加功能**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**2.查询功能**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**3.删除功能**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**4.列出信息功能**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### **6.总结**
|
|
|
|
|
|
通过本次上机，我们小组成员分工合作，分组后组长给每个人分配了每个人的任务，虽然过程中有着些许波折，但毕竟是第一次，没有那么完美的默契，最后在齐心协力下，每个人高效的完成了各自的系统各部分功能的实现，此次上机提高了我们协作开发的能力，以及沟通能力等等，在各个方面都有了很大的提升，这次合作的经历也为我们以后程序员合作开发有了一定的启蒙，也感受到了许多人合作开发出属于自己的东西的兴奋感，在未来工作中，庞大的项目往往不是一个人就能完成的，更多的是需要团队的力量，这次分组合作让我们都受益匪浅。
|
