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import requests
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from lxml import etree
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import pymysql
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import re
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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# MySQL数据库配置
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db_config = {
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'host': 'localhost',
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'user': 'root',
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'password': '091020',
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'database': 'jdbc',
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'charset': 'utf8mb4',
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'cursorclass': pymysql.cursors.DictCursor #游标类型返回的结果是一个字典列表,其中每个字典都包含一行结果,字典的键是列名
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}
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# 爬取并保存数据到MySQL的函数
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def crawl_and_save(year, url):
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datas = []
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response = requests.get(url)
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response.raise_for_status() # 检查请求是否成功
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html = etree.HTML(response.text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8'))
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htmlTxt = response.text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8')
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table = html.xpath('//table')[0]
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# 提取数据
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if year == 2020:
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# 使用XPath提取表格的所有行
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rows = table.xpath('.//tbody/tr')
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# 遍历所有行,并提取每行的数据
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for row in rows:
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data = {
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'year': year,
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'category': row.xpath('.//td[1]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[1]') else '',
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'ProDirection': row.xpath('.//td[2]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[2]') else '',
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'FamCategories': row.xpath('.//td[3]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[3]') else '',
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'EnrollmentPlan': row.xpath('.//td[4]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[4]') else '',
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'ControlLine': row.xpath('.//td[5]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[5]') else '',
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'AdmissionLine': row.xpath('.//td[6]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[6]') else '',
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'ProAdmissionLine': row.xpath('.//td[7]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[7]') else '',
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'ReferenceRanking': row.xpath('.//td[8]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[8]') else '',
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}
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if data['category'] == '类别':
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continue
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datas.append(data)
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elif year == 2021:
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# 使用BeautifulSoup解析HTML代码
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soup = BeautifulSoup(htmlTxt, 'html.parser')
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# 找到包含表格的div元素
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div = soup.find('div', class_='blog-content')
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# 找到表格并提取信息
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table = div.find('table')
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rows = table.find_all('tr')
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for row in rows[2:]: # 跳过表头和标题行
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cells = row.find_all('td')
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if len(cells) == 8: # 确保行中有8个单元格
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category, category_type, major, recruitment, control_line, file_line, major_line, rank = cells
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data = {
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'year': year,
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'category': category.text,
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'FamCategories': category_type.text,
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'ProDirection': major.text,
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'EnrollmentPlan': recruitment.text,
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'ControlLine': control_line.text,
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'AdmissionLine': file_line.text,
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'ProAdmissionLine': major_line.text,
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'ReferenceRanking': rank.text,
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}
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datas.append(data)
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elif year == 2022:
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# 正则表达式模式
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pattern = re.compile(r'<td.*?>(.*?)</td>')
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# 提取信息
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rows = re.findall(r'<tr.*?>(.*?)</tr>', htmlTxt, flags=re.DOTALL) # 找到所有行
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for row in rows[2:]: # 跳过表头和标题行
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cells = pattern.findall(row)
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if len(cells) == 7:
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data = {
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'year': year,
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'category': None,
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'FamCategories': cells[0],
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'ProDirection': cells[1],
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'EnrollmentPlan': cells[2],
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'ControlLine': cells[3],
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'AdmissionLine': cells[4],
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'ProAdmissionLine': cells[5],
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'ReferenceRanking': cells[6],
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}
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datas.append(data)
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elif year == 2023:
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# 使用XPath提取表格的所有行
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rows = table.xpath('.//tbody/tr')
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# 遍历所有行,并提取每行的数据
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for row in rows:
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data = {
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'year': year,
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'category': None,
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'FamCategories': row.xpath('.//td[1]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[1]') else '',
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'ProDirection': row.xpath('.//td[2]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[2]') else '',
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'EnrollmentPlan': row.xpath('.//td[3]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[3]') else '',
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'ControlLine': row.xpath('.//td[4]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[4]') else '',
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'AdmissionLine': row.xpath('.//td[5]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[5]') else '',
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'ProAdmissionLine': row.xpath('.//td[6]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[6]') else '',
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'ReferenceRanking': row.xpath('.//td[7]/text()')[0] if row.xpath('.//td[7]') else '',
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}
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if data['FamCategories'] == '科类':
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continue
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datas.append(data)
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# 保存到MySQL
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save_to_mysql(datas)
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# 保存到MySQL函数
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def save_to_mysql(data_list):
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connection = pymysql.connect(**db_config)
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try:
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with connection.cursor() as cursor:
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# 插入数据
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insert_sql = """
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INSERT INTO `enroll` (`year`, `category`, `ProDirection`, `FamCategories`, `EnrollmentPlan`, `ControlLine`, `AdmissionLine`, `ProAdmissionLine`, `ReferenceRanking`)
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VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
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"""
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for data in data_list:
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cursor.execute(insert_sql, (
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data['year'],
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data['category'],
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data['ProDirection'],
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data['FamCategories'],
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data['EnrollmentPlan'],
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data['ControlLine'],
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data['AdmissionLine'],
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data['ProAdmissionLine'],
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data['ReferenceRanking']
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))
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# 提交事务
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connection.commit()
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finally:
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connection.close()
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def main():
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years_urls = {
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2020: 'https://zjc.ncu.edu.cn/zszx/lnfs/3e5d5e97e5924d1794fd0eba09b79bf2.htm',
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2021: 'https://zjc.ncu.edu.cn/zszx/lnfs/47c901697a5549e998baf512a0c384f5.htm',
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2022: 'https://zjc.ncu.edu.cn/zszx/lnfs/9ba4f80248874172af2937017620226b.htm',
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2023: 'https://zjc.ncu.edu.cn/zszx/lnfs/5f3d9db4a5304265be3e31725a290b5c.htm'
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}
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# 遍历年份和对应的URL,爬取并保存数据
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for year, url in years_urls.items():
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crawl_and_save(year, url)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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