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import os.path
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filename = 'students.txt'
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def main():
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while True:
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menu()
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choice = int(input('请选择功能（0~7）'))
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if choice in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]:
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if choice == 0:
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answer = input('您确定退出系统吗？y/n')
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if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y':
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print("欢迎再次使用！")
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break
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else:
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continue
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elif choice == 1:
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insert()
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elif choice == 2:
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search()
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elif choice == 3:
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delete()
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elif choice == 4:
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modify()
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elif choice == 5:
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sort()
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elif choice == 6:
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total()
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elif choice == 7:
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show()
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input()
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def menu():
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print('=======================================')
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print('==========湖南大学学生信息管理系统==========')
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print('=======================================')
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print('\t\t\t1.录入信息')
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print('\t\t\t2.查找信息')
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print('\t\t\t3.删除信息')
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print('\t\t\t4.修改信息')
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print('\t\t\t5.对成绩进行排序')
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print('\t\t\t6.统计人数')
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print('\t\t\t7.显示所有信息')
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print('\t\t\t0.退出')
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print('======================================')
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def insert():
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student_list = []
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while True:
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id = input("请输入学号：")
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if not id:
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break
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name = input("请输入姓名：")
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if not name:
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break
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try:
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english = int(input("请输入英语成绩："))
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python = int(input("请输入python成绩："))
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java = int(input("请输入Java成绩："))
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except:
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print("输入无效，请重新输入")
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# 将录入的学生信息保存在字典中
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student = {'id': id, 'name': name, 'english': english, 'python': python, 'java': java}
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# 将学生信息添加到列表中
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student_list.append(student)
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answer = input("是否继续添加y/n?")
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if answer == 'y':
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continue
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else:
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break
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# 调用save函数保存信息
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save(student_list)
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print("信息保存成功")
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def save(lst):
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try:
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stu_txt = open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
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except:
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stu_txt = open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
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for item in lst:
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stu_txt.write(str(item) + '\n')
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stu_txt.close()
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def search():
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student_query = []
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while True:
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id = ''
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name = ''
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if os.path.exists(filename):
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mode = input("按学号查找请按1，按姓名查找请按2：")
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if mode == '1':
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id = input("请输入学生学号：")
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elif mode == '2':
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name = input("请输入学生新明：")
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else:
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print("输入有误，请重新输入")
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search()
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with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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student = file.readlines()
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for item in student:
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d = dict(eval(item))
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if id != '':
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if d['id'] == id:
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student_query.append(d)
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elif name != '':
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if d['name'] == name:
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student_query.append(d)
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show_query(student_query)
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# 清空列表
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student_query.clear()
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answer = input("是否继续查询？y/n")
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if answer == 'y':
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continue
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else:
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break
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else:
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print("无学生信息")
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return
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def show_query(lst):
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if len(lst) == 0:
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print("无相关信息")
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return
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# 定义标题显示格式
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format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
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print(format_title.format('ID', '姓名', '英语成绩', 'python成绩', 'Java成绩', '总成绩'))
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# 定义内容显示格式
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format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
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for item in lst:
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print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),
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item.get('name'),
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item.get('english'),
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item.get('english'),
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item.get('java'),
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int( item.get('english')) + int( item.get('english')) + int( item.get('java'))
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))
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def delete():
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while True:
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student_id = input("请输入删除学生的学号：")
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if student_id != '':
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if os.path.exists(filename):
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with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
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student_old = file.readlines()
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else:
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student_old = []
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flag = False
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if student_old: # 空列表等于 False，非空列表等于True
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with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
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# 只用于写入。如果该文件已存在则打开文件，并从开头开始编辑，即原有内容会被删除
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d = {}
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for item in student_old:
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d = dict(eval(item)) # 将字符串转换为字典
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if d['id'] != student_id:
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wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
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else:
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flag = True
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if flag:
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print(f'id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除')
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else:
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print(f'没有找到学生学号为{student_id}的学生')
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else:
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print("无学生信息")
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break
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show()
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answer = input("是否继续删除？y/n")
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if answer == 'y':
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continue
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else:
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break
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def modify():
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show()
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if os.path.exists(filename):
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with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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student_old = file.readlines()
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else:
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return
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student_id = input("请输入修改学生的学号：")
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with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
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for item in student_old:
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d = {}
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d = dict(eval(item))
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if d['id'] == student_id:
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print("已经找到学生信息，请修改相关信息")
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while True:
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try:
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d['name'] = input("请输入姓名")
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d['english'] = input("请输入英语成绩")
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d['python'] = input("请输入python成绩")
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d['java'] = input("请输入Java成绩")
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except:
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print("输入有误，请重新输入")
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else:
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break
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wfile.write(str(d) + '\n')
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print("修改成功")
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else:
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wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
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answer = input("是否继续修改其他学生信息？y/n")
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if answer == 'y':
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modify()
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else:
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return
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def sort():
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show()
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if os.path.exists(filename):
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with open(filename, 'r', encoding= 'utf-8') as file:
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students = file.readlines()
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students_new = []
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for item in students:
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d = dict(eval(item))
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students_new.append(d)
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else:
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return
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# 排序方式
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asc_or_desc = input("请选择升序 0 还是降序 1？")
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if asc_or_desc == '0':
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asc_or_desc_bool = False
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elif asc_or_desc == '1':
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asc_or_desc_bool = True
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else:
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print("输入有误，请重新输入")
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sort()
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mode = input("请选择排序方式(1.英语 2.python 3.Java 4.总成绩)：")
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if mode == '1':
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students_new.sort(key=lambda x : int(x['english']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
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# x 代表列表students_new中的项
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elif mode == '2':
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students_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['python']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
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elif mode == '3':
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students_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
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elif mode == '4':
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students_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['english']) + int(x['python']) + int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
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else:
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print("输入有误，请重新输入")
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show_query(students_new)
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def total():
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if os.path.exists(filename):
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with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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students = file.readlines()
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if students:
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print(f"总共有{len(students)}名学生")
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else:
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print("无学生信息")
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else:
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print("无学生信息")
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def show():
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student_query = []
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if os.path.exists(filename):
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with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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student = file.readlines()
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for item in student:
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d = dict(eval(item))
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student_query.append(d)
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show_query(student_query)
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# 清空列表
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student_query.clear()
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else:
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print("无学生信息")
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return
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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