stumis/bill/StudentBLL.py

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-time import date
-from typing import List, Optional
-from dal.StudentDAL import StudentDAL
-from student.Student import Student
-
-
-class StudentBLL:
-    def __init__(self, dal: StudentDAL):
-        self.dal = dal
-
-    def add_student(self, student: Student):
-        if not student.is_valid:
-            errors = ", ".join(student.get_errors())
-            raise ValueError(f"学生数据校验失败: {errors}")
-
-        if not self.dal.add_student(student):
-            raise ValueError("添加失败，身份证号或学号可能已存在")
-
-    def delete_student(self, stu_id: str):
-        if not self.dal.delete_student(stu_id):
-            raise ValueError(f"找不到学号为 {stu_id} 的学生")
-
-    def update_student(self, stu_id: str, student: Student):
-        if not student.is_valid:
-            errors = ", ".join(student.get_errors())
-            raise ValueError(f"学生数据校验失败: {errors}")
-
-        if not self.dal.update_student(stu_id, student):
-            raise ValueError(f"找不到学号为 {stu_id} 的学生")
-
-    def get_student_by_id_card(self, id_card: str) -> Optional[Student]:
-        return self.dal.get_by_id_card(id_card)
-
-    def get_student_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
-        return self.dal.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
-
-    def get_all_students(self) -> List[Student]:
-        return self.dal.get_all()
-
-    def search_students(self, search_type: str, keyword: str) -> List[Student]:
-        search_type = search_type.lower()
-        if search_type == 'name':
-            return self.dal.search_by_name(keyword)
-        elif search_type == 'class':
-            return self.dal.search_by_class(keyword)
-        elif search_type == 'major':
-            return self.dal.search_by_major(keyword)
-        else:
-            return []
-
-    def get_student_count(self) -> int:
-        return self.dal.get_student_count()
-
-    def get_major_counts(self) -> dict:
-        return self.dal.get_major_counts()
-
-    def calculate_avg_height(self) -> float:
-        students = self.dal.get_all()
-        heights = [s.height for s in students if s.height is not None]
-        if not heights:
-            return 0.0
-        return sum(heights) / len(heights)
-
-    def calculate_avg_weight(self) -> float:
-        students = self.dal.get_all()
-        weights = [s.weight for s in students if s.weight is not None]
-        if not weights:
-            return 0.0
-        return sum(weights) / len(weights)
-
-    def get_students_by_age(self, min_age: int, max_age: int) -> List[Student]:
-        today = date.today()
-        students = self.dal.get_all()
-        result = []
-
-        for student in students:
-            if student.age is None:
-                continue
-
-            if min_age <= student.age <= max_age:
-                result.append(student)
-
-        return result
-
-    def export_data(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
-        return self.dal.export_data(file_path)
-
-    def import_data(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
-        return self.dal.import_data(file_path)
-
-    def clear_all(self) -> bool:
-        return self.dal.clear_all()

stumis/bill/studentBLL.py

@@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import json
+import csv
+import os
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+
+
+class Student:
+    def __init__(self, data: Dict[str, Any]):
+        self.__dict__.update(data)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.__dict__.copy()
+
+    def validate(self) -> List[str]:
+        errors = []
+        if not hasattr(self, 'id_number') or not self.id_number:
+            errors.append("身份证号不能为空")
+        if not hasattr(self, 'stu_id') or not self.stu_id:
+            errors.append("学号不能为空")
+        if hasattr(self, 'age') and (not isinstance(self.age, int) or self.age < 0):
+            errors.append("年龄必须为非负整数")
+        return errors
+
+
+class IStudentDAL(ABC):
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def add(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+    def update(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        pass
+
+
+class JsonStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self.data = self._load()
+
+    def _load(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            return []
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except:
+            return []
+
+    def _save(self) -> None:
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(self.data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        return [deepcopy(s) for s in self.data]
+
+    def add(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        self.data.append(deepcopy(student))
+        self._save()
+        return True
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def update(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == student.get('id_number'):
+                self.data[i] = deepcopy(student)
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+class CsvStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    FIELD_TYPES = {
+        "id_number": str,
+        "stu_id": str,
+        "name": str,
+        "age": int,
+        "gender": str
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self.data = self._load()
+
+    def _load(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            self._ensure_file_exists()
+            return []
+        data = []
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                for row in reader:
+                    data.append(self._convert_row(row))
+        except:
+            pass
+        return data
+
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self) -> None:
+        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
+            with open(self.file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+                writer.writeheader()
+
+    def _convert_row(self, row: Dict[str, str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        converted = {}
+        for k, v in row.items():
+            if k in self.FIELD_TYPES:
+                try:
+                    converted[k] = self.FIELD_TYPES[k](v)
+                except:
+                    converted[k] = v
+            else:
+                converted[k] = v
+        return converted
+
+    def _save(self) -> None:
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+            writer.writeheader()
+            for s in self.data:
+                writer.writerow(s)
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        for s in self.data:
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                return deepcopy(s)
+        return None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        return [deepcopy(s) for s in self.data]
+
+    def add(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        self.data.append(deepcopy(student))
+        self._save()
+        return True
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == id_number:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('stu_id') == stu_id:
+                del self.data[i]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def update(self, student: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        for i, s in enumerate(self.data):
+            if s.get('id_number') == student.get('id_number'):
+                self.data[i] = deepcopy(student)
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+class StudentBLL:
+    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
+        self.dal = self._get_dal(file_path)
+
+    def _get_dal(self, file_path: str) -> IStudentDAL:
+        ext = os.path.splitext(file_path)[1].lower()
+        if ext == '.json':
+            return JsonStudentDAL(file_path)
+        elif ext == '.csv':
+            return CsvStudentDAL(file_path)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"不支持的文件类型: {ext}，请使用.json或.csv")
+
+    def _validate_student(self, student: Student) -> None:
+        errors = student.validate()
+        if errors:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生信息校验失败: {', '.join(errors)}")
+
+    def _check_uniqueness(self, student: Student) -> None:
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        if any(s.get('id_number') == student.id_number for s in all_students):
+            raise ValueError(f"身份证号 {student.id_number} 已存在")
+        if any(s.get('stu_id') == student.stu_id for s in all_students):
+            raise ValueError(f"学号 {student.stu_id} 已存在")
+
+    def add(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        self._validate_student(student)
+        self._check_uniqueness(student)
+        return self.dal.add(student.to_dict())
+
+    def delete(self, id_number: str) -> bool:
+        if not self.dal.get_by_id(id_number):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（身份证号: {id_number}）不存在")
+        return self.dal.delete(id_number)
+
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
+        if not self.dal.get_by_stu_id(stu_id):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（学号: {stu_id}）不存在")
+        return self.dal.delete_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+
+    def update(self, student: Student) -> bool:
+        self._validate_student(student)
+        if not self.dal.get_by_id(student.id_number):
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（身份证号: {student.id_number}）不存在")
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        if any(s.get('stu_id') == student.stu_id and s.get('id_number') != student.id_number for s in all_students):
+            raise ValueError(f"学号 {student.stu_id} 已被其他学生使用")
+        return self.dal.update(student.to_dict())
+
+    def update_partial(self, id_number: str, fields: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        student = self.dal.get_by_id(id_number)
+        if not student:
+            raise ValueError(f"学生（身份证号: {id_number}）不存在")
+        updated = deepcopy(student)
+        for k, v in fields.items():
+            if k == 'id_number':
+                raise ValueError("身份证号不允许直接修改")
+            updated[k] = v
+        if 'stu_id' in fields:
+            all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+            if any(s.get('stu_id') == fields['stu_id'] and s.get('id_number') != id_number for s in all_students):
+                raise ValueError(f"学号 {fields['stu_id']} 已被其他学生使用")
+        partial_student = Student(updated)
+        self._validate_student(partial_student)
+        return self.dal.update(partial_student.to_dict())
+
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        data = self.dal.get_by_id(id_number)
+        return Student(data) if data else None
+
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
+        data = self.dal.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+        return Student(data) if data else None
+
+    def get_all(self) -> List[Student]:
+        return [Student(deepcopy(s)) for s in self.dal.get_all()]
+
+    def get_by_key(self, field: str, value: str, fuzzy: bool = False) -> List[Student]:
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        result = []
+        for s in all_students:
+            if field not in s:
+                continue
+            s_value = str(s[field])
+            if fuzzy:
+                if value in s_value:
+                    result.append(Student(deepcopy(s)))
+            else:
+                if s_value == value:
+                    result.append(Student(deepcopy(s)))
+        return result
+
+    def get_by_range(self, field: str, min_val: Any, max_val: Any) -> List[Student]:
+        all_students = self.dal.get_all()
+        result = []
+        for s in all_students:
+            if field not in s:
+                continue
+            try:
+                s_value = s[field]
+                if min_val <= s_value <= max_val:
+                    result.append(Student(deepcopy(s)))
+            except (TypeError, ValueError):
+                continue
+        return result
+
+    def export_to_json(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
+        all_data = [s.to_dict() for s in self.get_all()]
+        try:
+            dal = JsonStudentDAL(file_path)
+            return dal.export_to_json(all_data, file_path)
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path: str) -> List[str]:
+        errors = []
+        try:
+            dal = JsonStudentDAL(file_path)
+            data_list = dal.import_from_json(file_path)
+            for data in data_list:
+                try:
+                    student = Student(data)
+                    self._validate_student(student)
+                    self._check_uniqueness(student)
+                    self.dal.add(student.to_dict())
+                except Exception as e:
+                    errors.append(f"导入失败：{data.get('id_number', '无ID')} - {str(e)}")
+            return errors
+        except Exception as e:
+            errors.append(f"导入文件错误：{str(e)}")
+            return errors
+
+    def export_to_csv(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
+        all_data = [s.to_dict() for s in self.get_all()]
+        try:
+            dal = CsvStudentDAL(file_path)
+            return dal.export_to_csv(all_data, file_path)
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path: str) -> List[str]:
+        errors = []
+        try:
+            dal = CsvStudentDAL(file_path)
+            data_list = dal.import_from_csv(file_path)
+            for data in data_list:
+                try:
+                    student = Student(data)
+                    self._validate_student(student)
+                    self._check_uniqueness(student)
+                    self.dal.add(student.to_dict())
+                except Exception as e:
+                    errors.append(f"导入失败：{data.get('id_number', '无ID')} - {str(e)}")
+            return errors
+        except Exception as e:
+            errors.append(f"导入文件错误：{str(e)}")
+            return errors

stumis/dal/StudentDAL.py

@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import json
-from datetime import date
-from typing import List, Optional
-from student.Student import Student
-
-
-class StudentDAL:
-    def __init__(self, file_path: str):
-        self.file_path = file_path
-        self._ensure_file_exists()
-
-    def _ensure_file_exists(self):
-        """确保文件存在"""
-        if not os.path.exists(self.file_path):
-            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(self.file_path), exist_ok=True)
-            with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-                json.dump([], f)
-
-    def _load_data(self) -> List[dict]:
-        """加载数据"""
-        try:
-            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-                return json.load(f)
-        except (FileNotFoundError, json.JSONDecodeError):
-            return []
-
-    def _save_data(self, data: List[dict]):
-        """保存数据"""
-        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-            json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
-
-    def add_student(self, student: Student) -> bool:
-        data = self._load_data()
-
-        # 检查身份证号是否唯一
-        if any(s['id_card'] == student.id_card for s in data):
-            return False
-
-        # 检查学号是否唯一
-        if any(s['stu_id'] == student.stu_id for s in data):
-            return False
-
-        data.append(student.to_dict())
-        self._save_data(data)
-        return True
-
-    def get_by_id_card(self, id_card: str) -> Optional[Student]:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        for student_dict in data:
-            if student_dict['id_card'] == id_card:
-                return Student.from_dict(student_dict)
-        return None
-
-    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id: str) -> Optional[Student]:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        for student_dict in data:
-            if student_dict['stu_id'] == stu_id:
-                return Student.from_dict(student_dict)
-        return None
-
-    def get_all(self) -> List[Student]:
-        return [Student.from_dict(d) for d in self._load_data()]
-
-    def update_student(self, stu_id: str, student: Student) -> bool:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        updated = False
-
-        for i, student_dict in enumerate(data):
-            if student_dict['stu_id'] == stu_id:
-                # 保留原始身份证号
-                new_data = student.to_dict()
-                new_data['id_card'] = student_dict['id_card']
-                data[i] = new_data
-                updated = True
-                break
-
-        if updated:
-            self._save_data(data)
-        return updated
-
-    def delete_student(self, stu_id: str) -> bool:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        original_count = len(data)
-        data = [s for s in data if s['stu_id'] != stu_id]
-
-        if len(data) < original_count:
-            self._save_data(data)
-            return True
-        return False
-
-    def search_by_name(self, name: str) -> List[Student]:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        name_lower = name.lower()
-        return [
-            Student.from_dict(d)
-            for d in data
-            if name_lower in d['name'].lower()
-        ]
-
-    def search_by_class(self, class_name: str) -> List[Student]:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        class_lower = class_name.lower()
-        return [
-            Student.from_dict(d)
-            for d in data
-            if d.get('class_name') and class_lower in d['class_name'].lower()
-        ]
-
-    def search_by_major(self, major: str) -> List[Student]:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        major_lower = major.lower()
-        return [
-            Student.from_dict(d)
-            for d in data
-            if d.get('major') and major_lower in d['major'].lower()
-        ]
-
-    def get_student_count(self) -> int:
-        return len(self._load_data())
-
-    def get_major_counts(self) -> dict:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        counts = {}
-        for student_dict in data:
-            major = student_dict.get('major', '未指定')
-            counts[major] = counts.get(major, 0) + 1
-        return counts
-
-    def clear_all(self) -> bool:
-        self._save_data([])
-        return True
-
-    def export_data(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
-        data = self._load_data()
-        try:
-            with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-                json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
-            return True
-        except Exception:
-            return False
-
-    def import_data(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
-        try:
-            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-                new_data = json.load(f)
-
-            current_data = self._load_data()
-            current_ids = {s['id_card'] for s in current_data}
-
-            # 只导入不重复的学生
-            to_import = [s for s in new_data if s['id_card'] not in current_ids]
-
-            self._save_data(current_data + to_import)
-            return True
-        except Exception:
-            return False

stumis/dal/studentDAL.py

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import json
+import csv
+
+
+class IStudentDAL(ABC):
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_all(self):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def add(self, student):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete(self, id_number):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def update(self, student):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_exist(self, id_number):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def export_to_json(self, data, file_path):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path):
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def export_to_csv(self, data, file_path):
+        pass
+
+
+class JsonStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    def __init__(self, file_path):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+        self.data = self._load()
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self):
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'x'):
+                pass
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+    def _load(self):
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return []
+    def _save(self):
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(self.data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_all(self):
+        return self.data
+    def add(self, student):
+        if self.is_exist(student['id_number']):
+            return False
+        self.data.append(student)
+        self._save()
+        return True
+    def delete(self, id_number):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def update(self, student):
+        for index, existing_student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if existing_student['id_number'] == student['id_number']:
+                self.data[index] = student
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def import_from_json(self, file_path):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                return json.load(f)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return []
+    def export_to_json(self, data, file_path):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+            return True
+        except IOError:
+            return False
+class CsvStudentDAL(IStudentDAL):
+    FIELD_TYPES = {
+        "id_number": str,
+        "stu_id": str,
+        "name": str,
+        "age": int,
+        "gender": str
+    }
+    def __init__(self, file_path):
+        self.file_path = file_path
+        self._ensure_file_exists()
+        self.data = self._load()
+    def _ensure_file_exists(self):
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'x', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+                writer.writeheader()
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+    def _load(self):
+        data = []
+        try:
+            with open(self.file_path, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                for row in reader:
+                    data.append(self._convert_row(row))
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
+        return data
+    def _save(self):
+        with open(self.file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+            writer.writeheader()
+            for student in self.data:
+                writer.writerow(student)
+    def _convert_row(self, row):
+        converted_row = {}
+        for key, value in row.items():
+            try:
+                converted_row[key] = self.FIELD_TYPES[key](value)
+            except ValueError:
+                converted_row[key] = value
+        return converted_row
+    def get_by_id(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return student
+        return None
+    def get_all(self):
+        return self.data
+    def add(self, student):
+        if self.is_exist(student['id_number']):
+            return False
+        self.data.append(student)
+        self._save()
+        return True
+    def delete(self, id_number):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def delete_by_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for index, student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                del self.data[index]
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def update(self, student):
+        for index, existing_student in enumerate(self.data):
+            if existing_student['id_number'] == student['id_number']:
+                self.data[index] = student
+                self._save()
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist(self, id_number):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['id_number'] == id_number:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def is_exist_stu_id(self, stu_id):
+        for student in self.data:
+            if student['stu_id'] == stu_id:
+                return True
+        return False
+    def import_from_csv(self, file_path):
+        data = []
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                reader = csv.DictReader(f)
+                for row in reader:
+                    data.append(self._convert_row(row))
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
+        return data
+    def export_to_csv(self, data, file_path):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
+                writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=self.FIELD_TYPES.keys())
+                writer.writeheader()
+                for student in data:
+                    writer.writerow(student)
+            return True
+        except IOError:
+            return False

stumis/main.py

@@ -1,22 +1,438 @@
-from dal.StudentDAL import StudentDAL
+from datetime import date
-from bll.StudentBLL import StudentBLL
+import os
-from tui.StudentTUI import StudentTUI
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any, Union
 
 
-def main():
+class StudentUI:
-    # 初始化数据访问层
+    """学生信息管理系统表示层"""
-    dal = StudentDAL("data/students.json")
 
-    # 初始化业务逻辑层
+    def __init__(self, bll):
-    bll = StudentBLL(dal)
+        """初始化UI层，接收业务逻辑层实例"""
+        self.bll = bll
 
-    # 初始化用户界面
+    def display_menu(self) -> None:
-    tui = StudentTUI(bll)
+        """显示主菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息管理系统 - 主菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 添加学生信息")
+        print("2. 删除学生信息")
+        print("3. 更新学生信息")
+        print("4. 查询学生信息")
+        print("5. 统计分析")
+        print("6. 数据导入导出")
+        print("7. 清空所有学生信息")
+        print("8. 退出系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
 
-    # 启动系统
+    def display_query_menu(self) -> None:
-    tui.run()
+        """显示查询子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息查询菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 查询所有学生")
+        print("2. 按身份证号查询")
+        print("3. 按学号查询")
+        print("4. 按姓名查询")
+        print("5. 按班级查询")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_stats_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示统计分析子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息统计分析菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 学生总数")
+        print("2. 平均身高")
+        print("3. 按身高范围统计")
+        print("4. 按入学年份统计")
+        print("5. 按年龄范围统计")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_import_export_menu(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("数据导入导出菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 导出数据到JSON")
+        print("2. 从JSON导入数据")
+        print("3. 导出数据到CSV")
+        print("4. 从CSV导入数据")
+        print("5. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def get_input(self, prompt: str, required: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
+        while True:
+            value = input(prompt).strip()
+            if not value and required:
+                print("输入不能为空，请重新输入")
+                continue
+            return value if value else None
+
+    def get_numeric_input(self, prompt: str, min_val: Optional[float] = None, max_val: Optional[float] = None) -> \
+    Optional[float]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                num = float(value)
+                if min_val is not None and num < min_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须大于等于{min_val}")
+                    continue
+                if max_val is not None and num > max_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须小于等于{max_val}")
+                    continue
+                return num
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的数字")
+
+    def get_date_input(self, prompt: str) -> Optional[date]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                return date.fromisoformat(value)
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的日期（YYYY-MM-DD格式）")
+
+    def add_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("添加学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        sid = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+        name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+        height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入身高(cm): ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+        birth_date = self.get_date_input("请输入出生日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        enrollment_date = self.get_date_input("请输入入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+
+        student_data = {
+            'sid': sid,
+            'name': name,
+            'height': int(height),
+            'birth_date': birth_date,
+            'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+            'class_name': class_name
+        }
+
+        try:
+            student = Student.from_dict(student_data)
+            success = self.bll.add(student)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息添加成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息添加失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 添加失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def delete_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("删除学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要删除的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.delete(id_number)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息删除成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息删除失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 删除失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def update_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("更新学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要更新的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+            if not student:
+                print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                return
+
+            print("\n当前学生信息:")
+            print(f"学号: {student.sid}")
+            print(f"姓名: {student.name}")
+            print(f"身高: {student.height}cm")
+            print(f"出生日期: {student.birth_date}")
+            print(f"入学日期: {student.enrollment_date}")
+            print(f"班级: {student.class_name}")
+
+            print("\n请输入新信息（直接回车保持原值）:")
+            sid = self.get_input(f"学号 [{student.sid}]: ", required=False) or student.sid
+            name = self.get_input(f"姓名 [{student.name}]: ", required=False) or student.name
+            height = self.get_numeric_input(f"身高 [{student.height}]: ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+            height = int(height) if height is not None else student.height
+            birth_date = self.get_date_input(f"出生日期 [{student.birth_date}]: ") or student.birth_date
+            enrollment_date = self.get_date_input(f"入学日期 [{student.enrollment_date}]: ") or student.enrollment_date
+            class_name = self.get_input(f"班级 [{student.class_name}]: ", required=False) or student.class_name
+
+            updated_data = {
+                'id_number': id_number,
+                'sid': sid,
+                'name': name,
+                'height': height,
+                'birth_date': birth_date,
+                'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+                'class_name': class_name
+            }
+
+            updated_student = Student.from_dict(updated_data)
+            success = self.bll.update(updated_student)
+
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息更新成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息更新失败")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 更新失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def query_student(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_query_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    id_number = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    stu_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到学号为{stu_id}的学生")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("name", name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("class_name", class_name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 查询失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def _display_students(self, students: List[Student]) -> None:
+        if not students:
+            print("未找到符合条件的学生")
+            return
+
+        print("\n" + "-" * 80)
+        print(f"{'学号':<12}{'姓名':<12}{'身高(cm)':<10}{'出生日期':<12}{'入学日期':<12}{'班级':<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        for student in students:
+            print(
+                f"{student.sid:<12}{student.name:<12}{student.height:<10}{student.birth_date:<12}{student.enrollment_date:<12}{student.class_name:<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        print(f"共找到 {len(students)} 条记录")
+
+    def show_stats(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_stats_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    print(f"学生总数: {len(students)}")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+                    avg_height = sum(s.height for s in students) / len(students)
+                    print(f"平均身高: {avg_height:.2f}cm")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    min_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小身高(cm): ", min_val=50)
+                    max_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大身高(cm): ", min_val=min_height)
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_range("height", min_height, max_height)
+                    print(f"身高在 {min_height}-{max_height}cm 之间的学生有 {len(students)} 人")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+
+                    year_count = {}
+                    for s in students:
+                        year = s.enrollment_date.year
+                        year_count[year] = year_count.get(year, 0) + 1
+
+                    print("\n按入学年份统计:")
+                    for year, count in sorted(year_count.items()):
+                        print(f"{year}年: {count}人")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    today = date.today()
+                    min_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小年龄: ", min_val=0))
+                    max_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大年龄: ", min_val=min_age))
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    count = 0
+                    for s in students:
+                        age = today.year - s.birth_date.year
+                        if s.birth_date.month > today.month or (
+                                s.birth_date.month == today.month and s.birth_date.day > today.day):
+                            age -= 1
+                        if min_age <= age <= max_age:
+                            count += 1
+
+                    print(f"年龄在 {min_age}-{max_age} 岁之间的学生有 {count} 人")
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 统计失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def import_export_data(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_import_export_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-5): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_json(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_json(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_csv(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_csv(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def clear_students(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("清空所有学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        confirm = self.get_input("警告：此操作将删除所有学生信息，且无法恢复。是否继续？(y/n): ")
+        if confirm.lower() != 'y':
+            print("❌ 操作已取消")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.clear_all()
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 所有学生信息已清空")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 清空操作失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 清空失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("欢迎使用学生信息管理系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        while True:
+            self.display_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-8): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    self.add_student()
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    self.delete_student()
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    self.update_student()
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    self.query_student()
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    self.show_stats()
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    self.import_export_data()
+                elif choice == "7":
+                    self.clear_students()
+                elif choice == "8":
+                    confirm = self.get_input("确定要退出系统吗？(y/n): ")
+                    if confirm.lower() == 'y':
+                        print("感谢使用学生信息管理系统，再见！")
+                        break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+            finally:
+                input("\n按回车键继续...")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
 
+    data_file = input("请输入数据文件路径（默认students.json）: ") or "students.json"
+
+    bll = StudentBLL(data_file)
+    ui = StudentUI(bll)
+
+    ui.run()

stumis/model/Student.py

@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-import csv
-import json
-import os
-import sqlite3
-from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from datetime import date
-from typing import List, Optional, Union
-
-
-# 学生类定义
-class Student:
-    def __init__(self,
-                 name: str,
-                 id_card: str,
-                 stu_id: str,
-                 gender: Optional[bool] = None,
-                 height: Optional[int] = None,
-                 weight: Optional[float] = None,
-                 enrollment_date: Optional[Union[date, str]] = None,
-                 class_name: Optional[str] = None,
-                 major: str = None):
-        self.name = name
-        self.id_card = id_card
-        self.stu_id = stu_id
-        self.gender = gender
-        self.height = height
-        self.weight = weight
-        if isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
-            self.enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
-        else:
-            self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date
-        self.class_name = class_name
-        self.major = major
-        self.age, self.birthday = self._calculate_age_and_birthday()
-        self._validation_errors = []
-        self._validate_all()
-
-    def _calculate_age_and_birthday(self):
-        birth_year = int(self.id_card[6:10])
-        birth_month = int(self.id_card[10:12])
-        birth_day = int(self.id_card[12:14])
-        birthday = date(birth_year, birth_month, birth_day)
-        today = date.today()
-        age = today.year - birth_year
-        if (today.month, today.day) < (birth_month, birth_day):
-            age -= 1
-        return age, birthday
-
-    def _validate_all(self):
-        self._validate_id_card()
-        self._validate_stu_id()
-        self._validate_name()
-        self._validate_enrollment_date()
-        self._validate_height()
-        self._validate_weight()
-
-    def _validate_id_card(self):
-        if len(self.id_card) != 18:
-            self._validation_errors.append("身份证号必须为18位")
-        # 简单的校验位验证，可根据国家标准完善
-        try:
-            int(self.id_card[:17])
-        except ValueError:
-            self._validation_errors.append("身份证号前17位必须为数字")
-
-    def _validate_stu_id(self):
-        if not self.stu_id:
-            self._validation_errors.append("学号不能为空")
-
-    def _validate_name(self):
-        if not (2 <= len(self.name) <= 20):
-            self._validation_errors.append("姓名长度需在2-20个字符之间")
-        if any(char.isdigit() or not char.isalpha() for char in self.name):
-            self._validation_errors.append("姓名不能包含数字和特殊符号")
-
-    def _validate_enrollment_date(self):
-        if self.enrollment_date and self.enrollment_date < self.birthday:
-            self._validation_errors.append("入学日期不能早于出生日期")
-
-    def _validate_height(self):
-        if self.height is not None and not (50 <= self.height <= 250):
-            self._validation_errors.append("身高需在50-250cm之间")
-
-    def _validate_weight(self):
-        if self.weight is not None and not (5 <= self.weight <= 300):
-            self._validation_errors.append("体重需在5-300kg之间")
-
-    @property
-    def is_valid(self):
-        return len(self._validation_errors) == 0
-
-    def get_errors(self):
-        return self._validation_errors.copy()
-
-    def to_dict(self):
-        return {
-            'name': self.name,
-            'id_card': self.id_card,
-            'stu_id': self.stu_id,
-            'gender': self.gender,
-            'height': self.height,
-            'weight': self.weight,
-            'enrollment_date': self.enrollment_date.isoformat() if self.enrollment_date else None,
-            'class_name': self.class_name,
-            'major': self.major,
-            'age': self.age,
-            'birthday': self.birthday.isoformat()
-        }
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data):
-        return cls(
-            name=data['name'],
-            id_card=data['id_card'],
-            stu_id=data['stu_id'],
-            gender=data['gender'],
-            height=data['height'],
-            weight=data['weight'],
-            enrollment_date=data['enrollment_date'],
-            class_name=data['class_name'],
-            major=data['major']
-        )
-

stumis/model/student.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+from datetime import date
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
+
+
+class Student:
+    def __init__(
+            self, name: str, id_card: str, stu_id: str,
+            gender: Optional[bool] = None, height: Optional[int] = None,
+            weight: Optional[float] = None, enrollment_date: Optional[str] = None,
+            class_name: Optional[str] = None, major: Optional[str] = None
+    ):
+        self.name = name
+        self.id_card = id_card
+        self.stu_id = stu_id
+        self.gender = gender
+        self.height = height
+        self.weight = weight
+
+        if enrollment_date:
+            if isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
+                self.enrollment_date = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+            else:
+                self.enrollment_date = enrollment_date
+        else:
+            self.enrollment_date = None
+
+        self.class_name = class_name
+        self.major = major
+
+    @property
+    def birthday(self) -> Optional[date]:
+        if not self.id_card or len(self.id_card) != 18:
+            return None
+        try:
+            birth_str = self.id_card[6:14]
+            return date(int(birth_str[:4]), int(birth_str[4:6]), int(birth_str[6:8]))
+        except:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def age(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        if not self.birthday:
+            return None
+        today = date.today()
+        age = today.year - self.birthday.year
+        if (today.month, today.day) < (self.birthday.month, self.birthday.day):
+            age -= 1
+        return age
+
+    @property
+    def errors(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        errors = {}
+        id_card_err = self.__validate_id_card(self.id_card)
+        if id_card_err:
+            errors["id_card"] = id_card_err
+        if len(self.name) < 2 or len(self.name) > 20:
+            errors["name"] = "姓名长度需在2-20字符之间"
+        if self.height and not (50 <= self.height <= 250):
+            errors["height"] = "身高需在50-250cm之间"
+        if self.weight and not (5.0 <= self.weight <= 300.0):
+            errors["weight"] = "体重需在5-300kg之间"
+        if self.enrollment_date and self.enrollment_date > date.today():
+            errors["enrollment_date"] = "入学日期不能晚于当前日期"
+        return errors
+
+    @property
+    def is_valid(self) -> bool:
+        return not bool(self.errors)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        data = self.__dict__.copy()
+        if data.get("enrollment_date"):
+            data["enrollment_date"] = data["enrollment_date"].isoformat()
+        return data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> 'Student':
+        if not isinstance(data, dict):
+            raise TypeError("输入必须为字典类型")
+        enrollment_date = data.get("enrollment_date")
+        if enrollment_date and isinstance(enrollment_date, str):
+            data["enrollment_date"] = date.fromisoformat(enrollment_date)
+        return cls(**data)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        attrs = ", ".join([
+            f"{k}='{v}'" if isinstance(v, str) else f"{k}={v}"
+            for k, v in self.__dict__.items()
+        ])
+        return f"Student({attrs})"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_properties() -> list:
+        return [k for k, v in vars(Student).items() if isinstance(v, property)]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __validate_id_card(id_card: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        if not id_card or len(id_card) != 18:
+            return "身份证号长度必须为18位"
+        if not id_card[:17].isdigit():
+            return "身份证号前17位必须为数字"
+        weights = [7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2]
+        check_codes = "10X98765432"
+        sum_val = sum(int(id_card[i]) * weights[i] for i in range(17))
+        if id_card[17] != check_codes[sum_val % 11]:
+            return "身份证号校验码错误"
+        try:
+            birth_str = id_card[6:14]
+            date(int(birth_str[:4]), int(birth_str[4:6]), int(birth_str[6:8]))
+        except:
+            return "身份证号中出生日期格式错误"
+        return None

stumis/ui/StudenTUI.py

@@ -1,292 +0,0 @@
-from datetime import date
-from bll.StudentBLL import StudentBLL
-from dal.StudentDAL import StudentDAL
-from student.Student import Student
-
-
-class StudentTUI:
-    def __init__(self, bll: StudentBLL):
-        self.bll = bll
-
-    def display_menu(self):
-        print("\n===== 学生信息管理系统 =====")
-        print("1. 添加学生")
-        print("2. 删除学生")
-        print("3. 更新学生")
-        print("4. 查询学生")
-        print("5. 统计分析")
-        print("6. 导入导出")
-        print("7. 清空数据")
-        print("0. 退出系统")
-        print("==========================")
-
-    def run(self):
-        while True:
-            self.display_menu()
-            choice = input("请选择操作: ").strip()
-
-            if choice == "0":
-                print("再见！")
-                break
-            elif choice == "1":
-                self.add_student()
-            elif choice == "2":
-                self.delete_student()
-            elif choice == "3":
-                self.update_student()
-            elif choice == "4":
-                self.query_students()
-            elif choice == "5":
-                self.show_stats()
-            elif choice == "6":
-                self.import_export()
-            elif choice == "7":
-                self.clear_data()
-            else:
-                print("无效选择，请重试")
-
-    def add_student(self):
-        print("\n--- 添加学生 ---")
-        name = input("姓名: ").strip()
-        id_card = input("身份证号: ").strip()
-        stu_id = input("学号: ").strip()
-        gender = self.input_gender()
-        height = self.input_int("身高(cm): ")
-        weight = self.input_float("体重(kg): ")
-        enrollment_date = self.input_date("入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
-        class_name = input("班级: ").strip()
-        major = input("专业: ").strip()
-
-        try:
-            student = Student(
-                name=name,
-                id_card=id_card,
-                stu_id=stu_id,
-                gender=gender,
-                height=height,
-                weight=weight,
-                enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
-                class_name=class_name,
-                major=major
-            )
-            self.bll.add_student(student)
-            print("添加成功！")
-        except ValueError as e:
-            print(f"添加失败: {e}")
-
-    def input_gender(self):
-        """输入性别"""
-        while True:
-            gender = input("性别(1.男 2.女 3.跳过): ").strip()
-            if gender == '1':
-                return True
-            elif gender == '2':
-                return False
-            elif gender == '3':
-                return None
-            else:
-                print("无效选择，请重新输入")
-
-    def input_int(self, prompt: str):
-        """输入整数"""
-        while True:
-            value = input(prompt).strip()
-            try:
-                return int(value) if value else None
-            except ValueError:
-                print("请输入有效的整数")
-
-    def input_float(self, prompt: str):
-        """输入浮点数"""
-        while True:
-            value = input(prompt).strip()
-            try:
-                return float(value) if value else None
-            except ValueError:
-                print("请输入有效的数字")
-
-    def input_date(self, prompt: str):
-        """输入日期"""
-        while True:
-            try:
-                date_str = input(prompt).strip()
-                if not date_str:
-                    return None
-                return date.fromisoformat(date_str)
-            except ValueError:
-                print("日期格式应为YYYY-MM-DD")
-
-    def delete_student(self):
-        print("\n--- 删除学生 ---")
-        stu_id = input("请输入学号: ").strip()
-        try:
-            self.bll.delete_student(stu_id)
-            print("删除成功！")
-        except ValueError as e:
-            print(f"删除失败: {e}")
-
-    def update_student(self):
-        print("\n--- 更新学生 ---")
-        stu_id = input("请输入学号: ").strip()
-        student = self.bll.get_student_by_stu_id(stu_id)
-
-        if not student:
-            print("学生不存在")
-            return
-
-        print(f"当前信息: {student}")
-        name = input(f"新姓名({student.name}): ").strip() or student.name
-        id_card = input(f"新身份证号({student.id_card}): ").strip() or student.id_card
-        new_stu_id = input(f"新学号({student.stu_id}): ").strip() or student.stu_id
-        gender = self.input_gender_update(student.gender)
-        height = self.input_int(f"新身高({student.height}): ") or student.height
-        weight = self.input_float(f"新体重({student.weight}): ") or student.weight
-        enrollment_date = self.input_date_update(student.enrollment_date)
-        class_name = input(f"新班级({student.class_name}): ").strip() or student.class_name
-        major = input(f"新专业({student.major}): ").strip() or student.major
-
-        try:
-            updated_student = Student(
-                name=name,
-                id_card=id_card,
-                stu_id=new_stu_id,
-                gender=gender,
-                height=height,
-                weight=weight,
-                enrollment_date=enrollment_date,
-                class_name=class_name,
-                major=major
-            )
-
-            # 如果学号改变了，需要先删除旧记录
-            if new_stu_id != stu_id:
-                self.bll.delete_student(stu_id)
-
-            self.bll.add_student(updated_student)
-            print("更新成功！")
-        except ValueError as e:
-            print(f"更新失败: {e}")
-
-    def input_gender_update(self, current_gender):
-        current = "男" if current_gender is True else "女" if current_gender is False else "未指定"
-        print(f"当前性别: {current}")
-        return self.input_gender()
-
-    def input_date_update(self, current_date):
-        """输入日期（更新时）"""
-        if current_date:
-            print(f"当前日期: {current_date.isoformat()}")
-        return self.input_date("新的日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ") or current_date
-
-    def query_students(self):
-        print("\n--- 查询学生 ---")
-        print("1. 按身份证号查询")
-        print("2. 按学号查询")
-        print("3. 按姓名查询")
-        print("4. 按班级查询")
-        print("5. 按专业查询")
-        print("6. 所有学生")
-        choice = input("请选择查询方式: ").strip()
-
-        students = []
-        if choice == "1":
-            id_card = input("请输入身份证号: ").strip()
-            student = self.bll.get_student_by_id_card(id_card)
-            if student:
-                students = [student]
-        elif choice == "2":
-            stu_id = input("请输入学号: ").strip()
-            student = self.bll.get_student_by_stu_id(stu_id)
-            if student:
-                students = [student]
-        elif choice == "3":
-            name = input("请输入姓名: ").strip()
-            students = self.bll.search_students('name', name)
-        elif choice == "4":
-            class_name = input("请输入班级: ").strip()
-            students = self.bll.search_students('class', class_name)
-        elif choice == "5":
-            major = input("请输入专业: ").strip()
-            students = self.bll.search_students('major', major)
-        elif choice == "6":
-            students = self.bll.get_all_students()
-        else:
-            print("无效选择")
-            return
-
-        self.print_students(students)
-
-    def print_students(self, students):
-        if not students:
-            print("没有找到学生")
-            return
-
-        print("\n身份证号\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t身高\t体重\t班级\t专业\t年龄")
-        print("=" * 100)
-        for s in students:
-            gender = "男" if s.gender is True else "女" if s.gender is False else "未知"
-            print(f"{s.id_card}\t{s.stu_id}\t{s.name}\t{gender}\t"
-                  f"{s.height or '--'}\t{s.weight or '--'}\t"
-                  f"{s.class_name or '--'}\t{s.major or '--'}\t"
-                  f"{s.age or '--'}")
-        print(f"共找到 {len(students)} 名学生")
-
-    def show_stats(self):
-        print("\n--- 统计分析 ---")
-        print("1. 学生总数")
-        print("2. 专业分布")
-        print("3. 平均身高")
-        print("4. 平均体重")
-        print("5. 按年龄范围查询")
-        choice = input("请选择统计项目: ").strip()
-
-        if choice == "1":
-            count = self.bll.get_student_count()
-            print(f"学生总数: {count}")
-        elif choice == "2":
-            major_counts = self.bll.get_major_counts()
-            print("\n专业分布:")
-            for major, count in major_counts.items():
-                print(f"  {major}: {count}人")
-        elif choice == "3":
-            avg_height = self.bll.calculate_avg_height()
-            print(f"平均身高: {avg_height:.1f} cm")
-        elif choice == "4":
-            avg_weight = self.bll.calculate_avg_weight()
-            print(f"平均体重: {avg_weight:.1f} kg")
-        elif choice == "5":
-            min_age = int(input("最小年龄: "))
-            max_age = int(input("最大年龄: "))
-            students = self.bll.get_students_by_age(min_age, max_age)
-            self.print_students(students)
-        else:
-            print("无效选择")
-
-    def import_export(self):
-        print("\n--- 导入导出 ---")
-        print("1. 导出数据")
-        print("2. 导入数据")
-        choice = input("请选择操作: ").strip()
-
-        if choice == "1":
-            file_path = input("导出文件路径: ").strip()
-            if self.bll.export_data(file_path):
-                print("导出成功！")
-            else:
-                print("导出失败")
-        elif choice == "2":
-            file_path = input("导入文件路径: ").strip()
-            if self.bll.import_data(file_path):
-                print("导入成功！")
-            else:
-                print("导入失败")
-        else:
-            print("无效选择")
-
-    def clear_data(self):
-        confirm = input("确定要清空所有数据吗？(y/n): ").strip().lower()
-        if confirm == 'y':
-            if self.bll.clear_all():
-                print("数据已清空")
-            else:
-                print("清空失败")

stumis/ui/studentUI.py

@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+from datetime import date
+import os
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any, Union
+
+
+class StudentUI:
+    """学生信息管理系统表示层"""
+
+    def __init__(self, bll):
+        """初始化UI层，接收业务逻辑层实例"""
+        self.bll = bll
+
+    def display_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示主菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息管理系统 - 主菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 添加学生信息")
+        print("2. 删除学生信息")
+        print("3. 更新学生信息")
+        print("4. 查询学生信息")
+        print("5. 统计分析")
+        print("6. 数据导入导出")
+        print("7. 清空所有学生信息")
+        print("8. 退出系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_query_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示查询子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息查询菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 查询所有学生")
+        print("2. 按身份证号查询")
+        print("3. 按学号查询")
+        print("4. 按姓名查询")
+        print("5. 按班级查询")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_stats_menu(self) -> None:
+        """显示统计分析子菜单"""
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("学生信息统计分析菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 学生总数")
+        print("2. 平均身高")
+        print("3. 按身高范围统计")
+        print("4. 按入学年份统计")
+        print("5. 按年龄范围统计")
+        print("6. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def display_import_export_menu(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("数据导入导出菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+        print("1. 导出数据到JSON")
+        print("2. 从JSON导入数据")
+        print("3. 导出数据到CSV")
+        print("4. 从CSV导入数据")
+        print("5. 返回上一级菜单")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+    def get_input(self, prompt: str, required: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
+        while True:
+            value = input(prompt).strip()
+            if not value and required:
+                print("输入不能为空，请重新输入")
+                continue
+            return value if value else None
+
+    def get_numeric_input(self, prompt: str, min_val: Optional[float] = None, max_val: Optional[float] = None) -> \
+    Optional[float]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                num = float(value)
+                if min_val is not None and num < min_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须大于等于{min_val}")
+                    continue
+                if max_val is not None and num > max_val:
+                    print(f"输入值必须小于等于{max_val}")
+                    continue
+                return num
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的数字")
+
+    def get_date_input(self, prompt: str) -> Optional[date]:
+        while True:
+            value = self.get_input(prompt)
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            try:
+                return date.fromisoformat(value)
+            except ValueError:
+                print("请输入有效的日期（YYYY-MM-DD格式）")
+
+    def add_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("添加学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        sid = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+        name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+        height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入身高(cm): ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+        birth_date = self.get_date_input("请输入出生日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        enrollment_date = self.get_date_input("请输入入学日期(YYYY-MM-DD): ")
+        class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+
+        student_data = {
+            'sid': sid,
+            'name': name,
+            'height': int(height),
+            'birth_date': birth_date,
+            'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+            'class_name': class_name
+        }
+
+        try:
+            student = Student.from_dict(student_data)
+            success = self.bll.add(student)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息添加成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息添加失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 添加失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def delete_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("删除学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要删除的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.delete(id_number)
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息删除成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息删除失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 删除失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def update_student(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("更新学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        id_number = self.get_input("请输入要更新的学生身份证号: ")
+
+        try:
+            student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+            if not student:
+                print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                return
+
+            print("\n当前学生信息:")
+            print(f"学号: {student.sid}")
+            print(f"姓名: {student.name}")
+            print(f"身高: {student.height}cm")
+            print(f"出生日期: {student.birth_date}")
+            print(f"入学日期: {student.enrollment_date}")
+            print(f"班级: {student.class_name}")
+
+            print("\n请输入新信息（直接回车保持原值）:")
+            sid = self.get_input(f"学号 [{student.sid}]: ", required=False) or student.sid
+            name = self.get_input(f"姓名 [{student.name}]: ", required=False) or student.name
+            height = self.get_numeric_input(f"身高 [{student.height}]: ", min_val=50, max_val=250)
+            height = int(height) if height is not None else student.height
+            birth_date = self.get_date_input(f"出生日期 [{student.birth_date}]: ") or student.birth_date
+            enrollment_date = self.get_date_input(f"入学日期 [{student.enrollment_date}]: ") or student.enrollment_date
+            class_name = self.get_input(f"班级 [{student.class_name}]: ", required=False) or student.class_name
+
+            updated_data = {
+                'id_number': id_number,
+                'sid': sid,
+                'name': name,
+                'height': height,
+                'birth_date': birth_date,
+                'enrollment_date': enrollment_date,
+                'class_name': class_name
+            }
+
+            updated_student = Student.from_dict(updated_data)
+            success = self.bll.update(updated_student)
+
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 学生信息更新成功")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 学生信息更新失败")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 更新失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def query_student(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_query_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    id_number = self.get_input("请输入身份证号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_id(id_number)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到身份证号为{id_number}的学生")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    stu_id = self.get_input("请输入学号: ")
+                    student = self.bll.get_by_stu_id(stu_id)
+                    if student:
+                        self._display_students([student])
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 未找到学号为{stu_id}的学生")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    name = self.get_input("请输入姓名: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("name", name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    class_name = self.get_input("请输入班级: ")
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_key("class_name", class_name, fuzzy=True)
+                    self._display_students(students)
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 查询失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def _display_students(self, students: List[Student]) -> None:
+        if not students:
+            print("未找到符合条件的学生")
+            return
+
+        print("\n" + "-" * 80)
+        print(f"{'学号':<12}{'姓名':<12}{'身高(cm)':<10}{'出生日期':<12}{'入学日期':<12}{'班级':<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        for student in students:
+            print(
+                f"{student.sid:<12}{student.name:<12}{student.height:<10}{student.birth_date:<12}{student.enrollment_date:<12}{student.class_name:<12}")
+        print("-" * 80)
+        print(f"共找到 {len(students)} 条记录")
+
+    def show_stats(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_stats_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-6): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    print(f"学生总数: {len(students)}")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+                    avg_height = sum(s.height for s in students) / len(students)
+                    print(f"平均身高: {avg_height:.2f}cm")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    min_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小身高(cm): ", min_val=50)
+                    max_height = self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大身高(cm): ", min_val=min_height)
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_by_range("height", min_height, max_height)
+                    print(f"身高在 {min_height}-{max_height}cm 之间的学生有 {len(students)} 人")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    if not students:
+                        print("暂无学生数据")
+                        continue
+
+                    year_count = {}
+                    for s in students:
+                        year = s.enrollment_date.year
+                        year_count[year] = year_count.get(year, 0) + 1
+
+                    print("\n按入学年份统计:")
+                    for year, count in sorted(year_count.items()):
+                        print(f"{year}年: {count}人")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    today = date.today()
+                    min_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最小年龄: ", min_val=0))
+                    max_age = int(self.get_numeric_input("请输入最大年龄: ", min_val=min_age))
+
+                    students = self.bll.get_all()
+                    count = 0
+                    for s in students:
+                        age = today.year - s.birth_date.year
+                        if s.birth_date.month > today.month or (
+                                s.birth_date.month == today.month and s.birth_date.day > today.day):
+                            age -= 1
+                        if min_age <= age <= max_age:
+                            count += 1
+
+                    print(f"年龄在 {min_age}-{max_age} 岁之间的学生有 {count} 人")
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 统计失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def import_export_data(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            self.display_import_export_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-5): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_json(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.json"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.json'):
+                        file_path += '.json'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_json(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导出文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    success = self.bll.export_to_csv(file_path)
+                    if success:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导出到 {file_path}")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"❌ 数据导出失败")
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    file_path = self.get_input("请输入导入文件名: ", required=False) or "students.csv"
+                    if not file_path.endswith('.csv'):
+                        file_path += '.csv'
+
+                    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        print(f"❌ 文件 {file_path} 不存在")
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = self.bll.import_from_csv(file_path)
+                    if not errors:
+                        print(f"✅ 数据已成功导入")
+                    else:
+                        print(f"⚠️ 数据导入完成，但有 {len(errors)} 条记录失败:")
+                        for error in errors:
+                            print(f"   - {error}")
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def clear_students(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("清空所有学生信息")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        confirm = self.get_input("警告：此操作将删除所有学生信息，且无法恢复。是否继续？(y/n): ")
+        if confirm.lower() != 'y':
+            print("❌ 操作已取消")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            success = self.bll.clear_all()
+            if success:
+                print("✅ 所有学生信息已清空")
+            else:
+                print("❌ 清空操作失败")
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"❌ 清空失败: {str(e)}")
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        print("\n" + "=" * 40)
+        print("欢迎使用学生信息管理系统")
+        print("=" * 40)
+
+        while True:
+            self.display_menu()
+            choice = self.get_input("请选择操作(1-8): ")
+
+            try:
+                if choice == "1":
+                    self.add_student()
+                elif choice == "2":
+                    self.delete_student()
+                elif choice == "3":
+                    self.update_student()
+                elif choice == "4":
+                    self.query_student()
+                elif choice == "5":
+                    self.show_stats()
+                elif choice == "6":
+                    self.import_export_data()
+                elif choice == "7":
+                    self.clear_students()
+                elif choice == "8":
+                    confirm = self.get_input("确定要退出系统吗？(y/n): ")
+                    if confirm.lower() == 'y':
+                        print("感谢使用学生信息管理系统，再见！")
+                        break
+                else:
+                    print("❌ 无效选择，请重新输入")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"❌ 操作失败: {str(e)}")
+            finally:
+                input("\n按回车键继续...")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    data_file = input("请输入数据文件路径（默认students.json）: ") or "students.json"
+
+    bll = StudentBLL(data_file)
+    ui = StudentUI(bll)
+
+    ui.run()