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[pulse] better error messages

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Summary:
Improve the error messages, change is more or less documented in the
code.

Reviewed By: mbouaziz

Differential Revision: D15374334

fbshipit-source-id: f1dd54180
master
Jules Villard 6 years ago committed by Facebook Github Bot
parent b700af9ffb
commit 5de9bc29d2
8 changed files with 149 additions and 83 deletions
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6
infer/src/IR/HilExp.ml
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@ -351,6 +351,12 @@ module AccessExpression = struct
init init
| Sizeof (_, exp_opt) -> | Sizeof (_, exp_opt) ->
fold_vars_exp_opt exp_opt ~init ~f fold_vars_exp_opt exp_opt ~init ~f
let to_source_string access_expr =
(* should probably eventually check more than just the base but yolo *)
let var, _ = get_base access_expr in
if Var.appears_in_source_code var then Some (F.asprintf "%a" pp access_expr) else None
end end
let rec get_typ tenv = function let rec get_typ tenv = function

4
infer/src/IR/HilExp.mli
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@ -90,6 +90,10 @@ module AccessExpression : sig
val fold_vars : (t, Var.t, 'accum) Container.fold val fold_vars : (t, Var.t, 'accum) Container.fold
val add_access : _ Access.t -> t -> t option val add_access : _ Access.t -> t -> t option
val to_source_string : t -> string option
(** get a string representation of the access expression in terms of symbols that appear in the
program, to show to the user *)
end end
val pp : F.formatter -> t -> unit val pp : F.formatter -> t -> unit

2
infer/src/istd/Pp.mli
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@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ val pair :
-> 'a * 'b -> 'a * 'b
-> unit -> unit
val in_backticks : (F.formatter -> 'a -> unit) -> F.formatter -> 'a -> unit val in_backticks : (F.formatter -> 'a -> unit) -> F.formatter -> 'a -> unit [@@warning "-32"]

97
infer/src/pulse/PulseDiagnostic.ml
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@ -18,14 +18,6 @@ type t =
; trace: PulseTrace.breadcrumbs ; trace: PulseTrace.breadcrumbs
; location: Location.t } ; location: Location.t }
let describe_access f trace =
PulseTrace.pp_action (Pp.in_backticks HilExp.AccessExpression.pp) f trace.PulseTrace.action
let describe_invalidation f trace =
PulseTrace.pp_action PulseInvalidation.describe f trace.PulseTrace.action
let get_location = function let get_location = function
| AccessToInvalidAddress {accessed_by} -> | AccessToInvalidAddress {accessed_by} ->
PulseTrace.outer_location_of_action accessed_by.action PulseTrace.outer_location_of_action accessed_by.action
@ -35,22 +27,80 @@ let get_location = function
let get_message = function let get_message = function
| AccessToInvalidAddress {access; accessed_by; invalidated_by; _} -> | AccessToInvalidAddress {access; accessed_by; invalidated_by; _} ->
(* TODO: [access] might be something irrelevant to the user, shouldn't print it in that case (* The goal is to get one of the following messages depending on the scenario:
*)
42: delete x; return x->f
"`x->f` accesses `x`, which was invalidated at line 42 by `delete` on `x`"
42: bar(x); return x->f
"`x->f` accesses `x`, which was invalidated at line 42 by `delete` on `x` in call to `bar`"
42: bar(x); foo(x);
"call to `foo` eventually accesses `x->f` but `x` was invalidated at line 42 by `delete` on `x` in call to `bar`"
If we don't have "x->f" but instead some non-user-visible expression, then
"access to `x`, which was invalidated at line 42 by `delete` on `x`"
Likewise if we don't have "x" in the second part but instead some non-user-visible expression, then
"`x->f` accesses `x`, which was invalidated at line 42 by `delete`"
*)
let pp_access_trace invalidated f trace =
match trace.PulseTrace.action with
| Immediate {imm= access; _} -> (
match HilExp.AccessExpression.to_source_string access with
| Some access_s when HilExp.AccessExpression.equal access invalidated ->
F.fprintf f "`%s` " access_s
| Some access_s -> (
match HilExp.AccessExpression.to_source_string invalidated with
| Some invalidated_s ->
F.fprintf f "`%s` accesses `%s`, which " access_s invalidated_s
| None ->
F.fprintf f "access to `%s`, which " access_s )
| None -> (
match HilExp.AccessExpression.to_source_string invalidated with
| Some invalidated_s ->
F.fprintf f "`%s` " invalidated_s
| None ->
F.fprintf f "accessing memory that " ) )
| ViaCall {action; proc_name; _} -> (
let access_and_invalidated_s =
match
( HilExp.AccessExpression.to_source_string (PulseTrace.immediate_of_action action)
, HilExp.AccessExpression.to_source_string invalidated )
with
| Some access_s, Some invalidated_s ->
Some (access_s, invalidated_s)
| Some s, None | None, Some s ->
Some (s, s)
| None, None ->
None
in
match access_and_invalidated_s with
| Some (access_s, invalidated_s) ->
F.fprintf f "call to `%a` eventually accesses `%s` but `%s` " Typ.Procname.describe
proc_name access_s invalidated_s
| None ->
F.fprintf f "call to `%a` eventually accesses `%a`, which " Typ.Procname.describe
proc_name HilExp.AccessExpression.pp invalidated )
in
let pp_invalidation_trace line f trace =
match trace.PulseTrace.action with
| Immediate {imm= invalidation; _} ->
F.fprintf f "%a on line %d" PulseInvalidation.describe invalidation line
| ViaCall {action; proc_name; _} ->
F.fprintf f "%a on line %d indirectly during the call to `%a`"
PulseInvalidation.describe
(PulseTrace.immediate_of_action action)
line Typ.Procname.describe proc_name
in
let line_of_trace trace = let line_of_trace trace =
let {Location.line; _} = PulseTrace.outer_location_of_action trace.PulseTrace.action in let {Location.line; _} = PulseTrace.outer_location_of_action trace.PulseTrace.action in
line line
in in
let invalidation_line = line_of_trace invalidated_by in let invalidation_line = line_of_trace invalidated_by in
let access_line = line_of_trace accessed_by in F.asprintf "%a%a" (pp_access_trace access) accessed_by
let pp_indirect_access f = (pp_invalidation_trace invalidation_line)
let erroneous_access = PulseTrace.immediate_of_action accessed_by.action in invalidated_by
if not (HilExp.AccessExpression.equal erroneous_access access) then
F.fprintf f " via %a" describe_access accessed_by
in
F.asprintf "access to `%a`%t at line %d is to %a on line %d" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp
access pp_indirect_access access_line describe_invalidation invalidated_by
invalidation_line
| StackVariableAddressEscape {variable; _} -> | StackVariableAddressEscape {variable; _} ->
let pp_var f var = let pp_var f var =
if Var.is_cpp_temporary var then F.pp_print_string f "C++ temporary" if Var.is_cpp_temporary var then F.pp_print_string f "C++ temporary"
@ -61,13 +111,12 @@ let get_message = function
let get_trace = function let get_trace = function
| AccessToInvalidAddress {accessed_by; invalidated_by} -> | AccessToInvalidAddress {accessed_by; invalidated_by} ->
let pp_invalid_access f access =
F.fprintf f "invalid access to `%a`" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp access
in
PulseTrace.add_to_errlog ~header:"invalidation part of the trace starts here" PulseTrace.add_to_errlog ~header:"invalidation part of the trace starts here"
PulseInvalidation.describe invalidated_by (fun f invalidation -> F.fprintf f "memory %a" PulseInvalidation.describe invalidation)
invalidated_by
@@ PulseTrace.add_to_errlog ~header:"use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here" @@ PulseTrace.add_to_errlog ~header:"use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here"
pp_invalid_access accessed_by (fun f access -> F.fprintf f "invalid access to `%a`" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp access)
accessed_by
@@ [] @@ []
| StackVariableAddressEscape {trace; location; _} -> | StackVariableAddressEscape {trace; location; _} ->
PulseTrace.add_errlog_of_breadcrumbs ~nesting:0 trace PulseTrace.add_errlog_of_breadcrumbs ~nesting:0 trace

14
infer/src/pulse/PulseInvalidation.ml
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@ -60,21 +60,21 @@ let issue_type_of_cause = function
let describe f = function let describe f = function
| CFree access_expr -> | CFree access_expr ->
F.fprintf f "memory invalidated by call to `free()` on `%a`" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp F.fprintf f "was invalidated by call to `free()` on `%a`" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp
access_expr access_expr
| CppDelete access_expr -> | CppDelete access_expr ->
F.fprintf f "memory invalidated by `delete` on `%a`" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp access_expr F.fprintf f "was invalidated by `delete` on `%a`" HilExp.AccessExpression.pp access_expr
| GoneOutOfScope (pvar, typ) -> | GoneOutOfScope (pvar, typ) ->
let pp_var f pvar = let pp_var f pvar =
if Pvar.is_cpp_temporary pvar then if Pvar.is_cpp_temporary pvar then
F.fprintf f "C++ temporary of type `%a`" (Typ.pp_full Pp.text) typ F.fprintf f "is the address of a C++ temporary of type `%a`" (Typ.pp_full Pp.text) typ
else F.fprintf f "stack variable `%a`" Pvar.pp_value pvar else F.fprintf f "is the address of a stack variable `%a`" Pvar.pp_value pvar
in in
F.fprintf f "address of %a whose lifetime has ended" pp_var pvar F.fprintf f "%a whose lifetime has ended" pp_var pvar
| Nullptr -> | Nullptr ->
F.fprintf f "the null pointer" F.fprintf f "is the null pointer"
| StdVector (std_vector_f, access_expr) -> | StdVector (std_vector_f, access_expr) ->
F.fprintf f "memory potentially invalidated by call to `%a()` on `%a`" pp_std_vector_function F.fprintf f "was potentially invalidated by `%a()` on `%a`" pp_std_vector_function
std_vector_f HilExp.AccessExpression.pp access_expr std_vector_f HilExp.AccessExpression.pp access_expr

10
infer/src/pulse/PulseOperations.ml
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@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ let rec walk ~dereference_to_ignore access_expr action ~on_last addr_trace path
Option.map ~f:(fun index -> max 0 (index - 1)) dereference_to_ignore Option.map ~f:(fun index -> max 0 (index - 1)) dereference_to_ignore
in in
let astate, addr_trace' = Memory.materialize_edge (fst addr_trace) a astate in let astate, addr_trace' = Memory.materialize_edge (fst addr_trace) a astate in
let access_expr =
HilExp.AccessExpression.add_access a access_expr |> Option.value ~default:access_expr
in
walk access_expr ~dereference_to_ignore action ~on_last addr_trace' path astate walk access_expr ~dereference_to_ignore action ~on_last addr_trace' path astate
@ -107,10 +110,11 @@ let rec to_accesses location access_expr astate =
(** add addresses to the state to give an address to the destination of the given access path *) (** add addresses to the state to give an address to the destination of the given access path *)
and walk_access_expr ~on_last astate access_expr location = and walk_access_expr ~on_last astate access_expr location =
to_accesses location access_expr astate to_accesses location access_expr astate
>>= fun (astate, (access_var, _), access_list) -> >>= fun (astate, base, access_list) ->
let dereference_to_ignore = let dereference_to_ignore =
if ends_with_addressof access_expr then last_dereference access_list else None if ends_with_addressof access_expr then last_dereference access_list else None
in in
let access_var, _ = base in
if Config.write_html then if Config.write_html then
L.d_printfln "Accessing %a -> [%a]" Var.pp access_var L.d_printfln "Accessing %a -> [%a]" Var.pp access_var
(Pp.seq ~sep:"," Memory.Access.pp) (Pp.seq ~sep:"," Memory.Access.pp)
@ -134,7 +138,9 @@ and walk_access_expr ~on_last astate access_expr location =
Ok (astate, base_addr_trace) Ok (astate, base_addr_trace)
| _ -> | _ ->
let action = PulseTrace.Immediate {imm= access_expr; location} in let action = PulseTrace.Immediate {imm= access_expr; location} in
walk access_expr ~dereference_to_ignore action ~on_last base_addr_trace walk
(HilExp.AccessExpression.base base)
~dereference_to_ignore action ~on_last base_addr_trace
(HilExp.Access.Dereference :: access_list) (HilExp.Access.Dereference :: access_list)
astate ) astate )

15
infer/src/pulse/PulseTrace.ml
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@ -82,13 +82,6 @@ type 'a action =
| ViaCall of {action: 'a action; proc_name: Typ.Procname.t; location: Location.t} | ViaCall of {action: 'a action; proc_name: Typ.Procname.t; location: Location.t}
[@@deriving compare] [@@deriving compare]
let pp_action pp_immediate fmt = function
| Immediate {imm; _} ->
pp_immediate fmt imm
| ViaCall {proc_name; _} ->
F.fprintf fmt "call to `%a`" Typ.Procname.describe proc_name
let rec immediate_of_action = function let rec immediate_of_action = function
| Immediate {imm; _} -> | Immediate {imm; _} ->
imm imm
@ -96,6 +89,14 @@ let rec immediate_of_action = function
immediate_of_action action immediate_of_action action
let pp_action pp_immediate fmt = function
| Immediate {imm; _} ->
pp_immediate fmt imm
| ViaCall {proc_name; action; _} ->
F.fprintf fmt "%a in call to `%a`" pp_immediate (immediate_of_action action)
Typ.Procname.describe proc_name
let add_errlog_of_action ~nesting pp_immediate action errlog = let add_errlog_of_action ~nesting pp_immediate action errlog =
let rec aux ~nesting rev_errlog action = let rec aux ~nesting rev_errlog action =
match action with match action with

84
infer/tests/codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/issues.exp
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@ -1,46 +1,46 @@
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/basics.cpp, multiple_invalidations_branch_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `ptr` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `*ptr` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/basics.cpp, multiple_invalidations_branch_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `ptr` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `*ptr` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/basics.cpp, multiple_invalidations_loop_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `ptr` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `ptr` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/basics.cpp, multiple_invalidations_loop_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `ptr` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `ptr` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/closures.cpp, implicit_ref_capture_destroy_invoke_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,address of stack variable `s` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,`&s` captured as `s`,invalid access to `&f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/closures.cpp, implicit_ref_capture_destroy_invoke_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory is the address of a stack variable `s` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,`&s` captured as `s`,invalid access to `&f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/closures.cpp, ref_capture_destroy_invoke_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,address of stack variable `s` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,`&s` captured as `s`,invalid access to `&f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/closures.cpp, ref_capture_destroy_invoke_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory is the address of a stack variable `s` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,`&s` captured as `s`,invalid access to `&f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/deduplication.cpp, deduplication::SomeTemplatedClass<int*>::lifetime_error_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_delete_ok` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `a` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_access_ok` here,invalid access to `a->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/deduplication.cpp, deduplication::SomeTemplatedClass<int*>::lifetime_error_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_delete_ok` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `a` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_access_ok` here,invalid access to `a->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/deduplication.cpp, deduplication::SomeTemplatedClass<int>::lifetime_error_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_delete_ok` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `a` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_access_ok` here,invalid access to `a->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/deduplication.cpp, deduplication::SomeTemplatedClass<int>::lifetime_error_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_delete_ok` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `a` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `templated_wrapper_access_ok` here,invalid access to `a->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_aliased_then_read_bad, 4, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `y`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `y` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `z`,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_aliased_then_read_bad, 4, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `y`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `y` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `z`,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_inner_then_write_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_delete_inner()` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_inner_then_write_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_delete_inner()` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_then_read_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_then_read_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_then_write_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_delete()` here,when calling `wraps_delete_inner()` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, delete_then_write_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_delete()` here,when calling `wraps_delete_inner()` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `wraps_read()` here,when calling `wraps_read_inner()` here,invalid access to `x->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, feed_invalid_into_access_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `y`,when calling `may_return_invalid_ptr_ok()` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `y` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `y`,assigned to `return`,returned from call to `may_return_invalid_ptr_ok()`,assigned to `y`,when calling `call_store()` here,when calling `store()` here,invalid access to `y->p` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/interprocedural.cpp, feed_invalid_into_access_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `y`,when calling `may_return_invalid_ptr_ok()` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `y` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `y`,assigned to `return`,returned from call to `may_return_invalid_ptr_ok()`,assigned to `y`,when calling `call_store()` here,when calling `store()` here,invalid access to `y->p` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/join.cpp, invalidate_node_alias_bad, 12, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `result`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `result` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `result`,invalid access to `*result` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/join.cpp, invalidate_node_alias_bad, 12, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `result`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `result` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `result`,invalid access to `*result` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/reference_wrapper.cpp, reference_wrapper_heap_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `getwrapperHeap()` here,when calling `~WrapsB` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~WrapsB` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `this->b` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `this->b`,returned from call to `ReferenceWrapperHeap::ReferenceWrapperHeap()`,invalid access to `rw.b->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/reference_wrapper.cpp, reference_wrapper_heap_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `getwrapperHeap()` here,when calling `~WrapsB` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~WrapsB` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `this->b` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `this->b`,returned from call to `ReferenceWrapperHeap::ReferenceWrapperHeap()`,invalid access to `rw.b->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/reference_wrapper.cpp, reference_wrapper_stack_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `getwrapperStack()` here,address of stack variable `b` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `getwrapperStack()`,invalid access to `rw.b->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/reference_wrapper.cpp, reference_wrapper_stack_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `getwrapperStack()` here,memory is the address of a stack variable `b` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `getwrapperStack()`,invalid access to `rw.b->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_literal_stack_reference_bad, 0, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [C++ temporary created,returned here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_literal_stack_reference_bad, 0, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [C++ temporary created,returned here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_stack_pointer_bad, 2, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [variable declared,returned here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_stack_pointer_bad, 2, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [variable declared,returned here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_variable_stack_reference1_bad, 2, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [C++ temporary created,assigned to `x`,returned here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_variable_stack_reference1_bad, 2, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [C++ temporary created,assigned to `x`,returned here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_variable_stack_reference2_bad, 3, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [C++ temporary created,assigned to `x`,assigned to `y`,returned here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/returns.cpp, returns::return_variable_stack_reference2_bad, 3, STACK_VARIABLE_ADDRESS_ESCAPE, no_bucket, ERROR, [C++ temporary created,assigned to `x`,assigned to `y`,returned here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, delete_in_branch_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, delete_in_branch_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, delete_in_loop_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, delete_in_loop_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, deref_deleted_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,when calling `Simple` here,invalid access to `__param_0->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, deref_deleted_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,when calling `Simple` here,invalid access to `__param_0->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, double_delete_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, double_delete_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, reassign_field_of_deleted_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, reassign_field_of_deleted_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, use_in_branch_bad, 4, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,when calling `Simple` here,invalid access to `__param_0->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, use_in_branch_bad, 4, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,when calling `Simple` here,invalid access to `__param_0->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, use_in_loop_bad, 4, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_delete.cpp, use_in_loop_bad, 4, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::double_destructor_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,variable declared,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,invalid access to `this->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::double_destructor_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,variable declared,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,invalid access to `this->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::placement_new_aliasing1_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,returned from call to `<placement new>(sizeof(use_after_destructor::S),s)`,assigned to `alias`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `alias` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::placement_new_aliasing1_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,returned from call to `<placement new>(sizeof(use_after_destructor::S),s)`,assigned to `alias`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `alias` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,invalid access to `s->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::placement_new_aliasing2_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,returned from call to `<placement new>(sizeof(use_after_destructor::S),s)`,assigned to `alias`,invalid access to `alias->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::placement_new_aliasing2_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,returned from call to `<placement new>(sizeof(use_after_destructor::S),s)`,assigned to `alias`,invalid access to `alias->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::placement_new_aliasing3_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,assigned to `alias`,invalid access to `alias->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::placement_new_aliasing3_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `s` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `s`,assigned to `alias`,invalid access to `alias->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::reinit_after_explicit_destructor2_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,variable declared,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,invalid access to `this->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::reinit_after_explicit_destructor2_bad, 5, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,variable declared,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,invalid access to `this->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::use_after_destructor_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `this->f`,returned from call to `use_after_destructor::S::S()`,invalid access to `*(s.f)` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::use_after_destructor_bad, 3, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,assigned to `this->f`,returned from call to `use_after_destructor::S::S()`,invalid access to `*(s.f)` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::use_after_scope1_bad, 7, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,variable declared,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,invalid access to `this->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::use_after_scope1_bad, 7, USE_AFTER_DELETE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,memory was invalidated by `delete` on `this->f` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,variable declared,when calling `~S` here,when calling `__infer_inner_destructor_~S` here,invalid access to `this->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::use_after_scope4_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,address of stack variable `c` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `pc->f` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_destructor.cpp, use_after_destructor::use_after_scope4_bad, 6, USE_AFTER_LIFETIME, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory is the address of a stack variable `c` whose lifetime has ended here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `pc->f` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_free.cpp, double_free_global_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_FREE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `free_global_pointer_ok()` here,memory invalidated by call to `free()` on `global_pointer` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `free_global_pointer_ok()` here,invalid access to `global_pointer` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_free.cpp, double_free_global_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_FREE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,when calling `free_global_pointer_ok()` here,memory was invalidated by call to `free()` on `global_pointer` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,when calling `free_global_pointer_ok()` here,invalid access to `global_pointer` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_free.cpp, double_free_simple_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_FREE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory invalidated by call to `free()` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `x` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_free.cpp, double_free_simple_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_FREE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was invalidated by call to `free()` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `x` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_free.cpp, use_after_free_simple_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_FREE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory invalidated by call to `free()` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `*x` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/use_after_free.cpp, use_after_free_simple_bad, 2, USE_AFTER_FREE, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was invalidated by call to `free()` on `x` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,invalid access to `*x` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, assign_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::assign()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, assign_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::assign()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, clear_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::clear()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, clear_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::clear()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, deref_local_vector_element_after_push_back_bad, 4, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::push_back()` on `&vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(&vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, deref_local_vector_element_after_push_back_bad, 4, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::push_back()` on `&vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(&vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, deref_vector_element_after_push_back_bad, 4, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::push_back()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,assigned to `y`,invalid access to `*y` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, deref_vector_element_after_push_back_bad, 4, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::push_back()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,assigned to `y`,invalid access to `*y` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, emplace_back_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::emplace_back()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, emplace_back_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::emplace_back()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, emplace_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::emplace()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, emplace_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::emplace()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, insert_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::insert()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, insert_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::insert()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, push_back_loop_bad, 6, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::push_back()` on `&vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(&vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, push_back_loop_bad, 6, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::push_back()` on `&vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(&vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, reserve_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::reserve()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, reserve_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::reserve()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]
codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, shrink_to_fit_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory potentially invalidated by call to `std::vector::shrink_to_fit()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here] codetoanalyze/cpp/pulse/vector.cpp, shrink_to_fit_bad, 3, VECTOR_INVALIDATION, no_bucket, ERROR, [invalidation part of the trace starts here,memory was potentially invalidated by `std::vector::shrink_to_fit()` on `vec` here,use-after-lifetime part of the trace starts here,returned from call to `std::vector::at(vec,(unsigned long) 1)`,assigned to `elt`,invalid access to `*elt` here]

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