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from scrapy import signals
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from fake_useragent import UserAgent
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from settings import USER_AGENT_LIST, BASE_DIR
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import random
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from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
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import os
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import pickle
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from libs.proxy import Fetch_Proxy
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class ZhihuSpiderMiddleware(object):
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# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
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# scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
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# passed objects.
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@classmethod
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def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
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# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
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s = cls()
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crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
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return s
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def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
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# Called for each response that goes through the spider
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# middleware and into the spider.
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# Should return None or raise an exception.
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return None
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def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
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# Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
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# it has processed the response.
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# Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
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for i in result:
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yield i
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def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
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# Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
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# (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.
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# Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict
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# or Item objects.
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pass
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def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
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# Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
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# similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
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# that it doesn’t have a response associated.
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# Must return only requests (not items).
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for r in start_requests:
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yield r
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def spider_opened(self, spider):
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spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
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class ZhihuDownloaderMiddleware(object):
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# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
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# scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
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# passed objects.
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@classmethod
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def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
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# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
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s = cls()
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crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
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return s
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def process_request(self, request, spider):
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# Called for each request that goes through the downloader
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# middleware.
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# Must either:
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# - return None: continue processing this request
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# - or return a Response object
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# - or return a Request object
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# - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
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# installed downloader middleware will be called
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return None
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def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
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# Called with the response returned from the downloader.
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# Must either;
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# - return a Response object
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# - return a Request object
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# - or raise IgnoreRequest
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return response
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def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
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# Called when a download handler or a process_request()
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# (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.
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# Must either:
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# - return None: continue processing this exception
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# - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
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# - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
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pass
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def spider_opened(self, spider):
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spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
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class RandomUserAgentDownloaderMiddleware(object):
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'''
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randomly generated user-agent
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'''
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def __init__(self, crawler):
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# self.user_agent = UserAgent()
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self.user_agent_list = crawler.settings.get('USER_AGENT_LIST', [])
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super().__init__()
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@classmethod
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def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
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'''
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get crawler
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'''
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return cls(crawler)
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def process_request(self, request, spider):
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'''
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process request --> add random user-agent to request's headers
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'''
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user_agent = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)
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print("Using User-Agent: ", user_agent)
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request.headers.setdefault("User-Agent", user_agent)
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class ProxyDownloaderMiddleware(object):
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'''
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设置IP代理
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'''
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def __init__(self, crawler):
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self.fetch = Fetch_Proxy()
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super().__init__()
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@classmethod
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def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
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'''
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自己写Middleware必须实现的函数，manager会自主调用
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'''
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return cls(crawler)
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def process_request(self, request, spider):
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'''
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process request --> add random user-agent to request's headers
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'''
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proxy = self.fetch.get_random_ip()
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print("Using proxy: ", proxy)
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request.meta["proxy"] = "http://" + proxy
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class RedirectDealDownloaderMiddleware(object):
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'''
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处理知乎302重定向问题以及最初cookies传递问题
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'''
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def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
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'''
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deal with 302
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'''
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if response.status == 302 and 'signup' in response.url:
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cookies = spider.get_cookies()
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cookies_dict = {}
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for cookie in cookies:
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cookies_dict[cookie["name"]] = cookie["value"]
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headers = {
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'set-cookie': cookies_dict
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}
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return HtmlResponse(url=spider.browser.current_url, body=spider.browser.page_source,
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encoding='utf8', request=request, headers=headers)
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if 'signin' in response.url:
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cookies = []
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if os.path.exists(BASE_DIR+'/Zhihu/cookies/zhihu.cookies'):
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cookies = pickle.load(open(BASE_DIR+'/Zhihu/cookies/zhihu.cookies', 'rb'))
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if not cookies:
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cookies = spider.get_cookies()
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cookies_dict = {}
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for cookie in cookies:
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cookies_dict[cookie["name"]] = cookie["value"]
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headers = {
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'set-cookie': cookies_dict
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}
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return HtmlResponse(url=spider.browser.current_url, body=spider.browser.page_source,
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encoding='utf8', request=request, headers=headers)
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return response
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