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mall-admin/mall_hou/document/reference/mysql.md

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Mysql常用命令

数据定义语句(DDL)

数据库操作

  • 登录数据库mysql -uroot -proot
  • 创建数据库create database test
  • 查看所有数据库show databases
  • 使用数据库use test
  • 查看所有数据表show tables
  • 删除数据库drop database test

表操作

  • 创建表create table emp(ename varchar(10),hiredate date,sal decimal(10,2),deptno int(2))
    create table dept(deptno int(2),deptname varchar(10))
  • 查看表的定义desc emp
  • 查看表定义详细show create table emp \G
  • 删除表drop table emp
  • 修改表字段alter table emp modify ename varchar(20)
  • 添加表字段alter table emp add column age int(3)
  • 删除表字段alter table emp drop column age
  • 字段改名alter table emp change age age1 int(4)
  • 修改表名alter table emp rename emp1

数据操纵语句(DML)

插入记录

  • 指定名称插入insert into emp (ename,hiredate,sal,deptno) values ('zhangsan','2018-01-01','2000',1)
  • 不指定名称插入insert into emp values ('lisi','2018-01-01','2000',1)
  • 批量插入数据insert into dept values(1,'dept1'),(2,'dept2')

修改记录

update emp set sal='4000',deptno=2 where ename='zhangsan'

删除记录

delete from emp where ename='zhangsan'

查询记录

  • 查询所有记录select * from emp
  • 查询不重复的记录select distinct deptno from emp
  • 条件查询select * from emp where deptno=1 and sal<3000
  • 排序和限制select * from emp order by deptno desc limit 2
  • 聚合(查询部门人数大于1的部门编号)select deptno,count(1) from emp group by deptno having count(1) > 1
  • 连接查询select * from emp e left join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno
  • 子查询select * from emp where deptno in (select deptno from dept)
  • 记录联合select deptno from emp union select deptno from dept

数据控制语句(DCL)

  • 授予操作权限grant select,insert on test.* to 'test'@'localhost' identified by '123'
  • 收回操作权限revoke insert on test.* from 'test'@'localhost'

其他

字符集相关

  • 查看字符集show variables like 'character%'
  • 创建数据库时指定字符集create database mall character set utf8

修改时区

  • 修改mysql全局时区为北京时间即我们所在的东8区set global time_zone = '+8:00';
  • 修改当前会话时区set time_zone = '+8:00'
  • 立即生效flush privileges

权限相关

  • 授予所有数据库的所有权限grant all privileges on . to z1@localhost identified by '123'
  • 授予所有数据库的所有权限(包括grant)grant all privileges on . to z1@localhost with grant option
  • 授予SUPER PROCESS FILE权限grant super,process,file on . to z3@localhost
  • 只授予登录权限grant usage on . to z4@localhost
  • 查看账号权限show grants for z1@localhost
  • 修改自己的密码set password = password('123')
  • 管理员修改他人密码set password for 'z1'@'localhost' = password('123')
  • 删除账号drop user z2@localhost