Summary:
Add some theorems establishing the correspondence between the
implementation of the Convert operation in OCaml and the definition of
Convert in the semantics. Essentially, the OCaml version is in terms of
extracting certain ranges of bits, whereas the semantics is in terms of
integer arithmetic (addition, modulus, and exponentiation)
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D18113878
fbshipit-source-id: c318596d0
Summary:
This commit adds truncation, sign extension and zero extension to LLVM
and the Convert instruction to LLAIR.
The LLVM instructions use HOL's build-in word/int and word/num
conversions. Sanity-checking theorems prove that zero-extending leaves
the value of the word unchanged when considered as an unsigned value,
and that sign-extending leaves the value unchanged when considered as a
signed value.
The llair semantics for Convert uses the truncate_2comp function which
converts an integer to another integer as though they were represented
in 2's complement. e.g. truncate_2comp 255 16 = 255, truncate_2comp
255 8 = -1, truncate_2comp -3 2 = 1
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D18058833
fbshipit-source-id: df9de480c
Summary:
This required some minor tweaks to how the semantics encode values into
and out of byte lists. The remaining problems have to do with how LLVM
globals are translated into llair. At the moment, llair semantic's state
keeps a mapping for globals to their addresses, following the LLVM
semantics. However, it is not used because the translation (following
the code in frontend.ml) translates LLVM globals into llair locals,
which the llair semantics isn't set up to handle.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17930787
fbshipit-source-id: 06c6368e0
Summary:
Previously, the LLVM semantics could be stuck where the LLAIR semantics
was not yet stuck, but would become stuck (at the same place) after
taking a step. This was due to LLVM using the traditional definition of
stuck states: any state from which there are no transitions. However,
LLAIR cannot do that because it might get stuck in the middle of a block
that contains several visible stores. We don't want to consider the
whole block stuck, nor can we finish it. Thus, the LLAIR definition of
stuckness is when the state has the stuck flag set which happens when
stopping in the middle of a block after encountering a stuck
instruction. Now LLVM takes the same approach.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17855085
fbshipit-source-id: a094d25d5
Summary:
Add an argument to the Exit instruction. Update the LLVM semantics to
execute the Exit instruction and store the result in an "exited"
component of the state. (Previously it just noticed that it was stuck
about to do an Exit.)
With exiting treated uniformly, now in the proof that for every LLVM
trace, there is a llair trace that simulates it, all of the cheats
except for 1 are just cases that I haven't got to yet. However, the last
cheat is for the situation where the LLVM program gets stuck and the
llair program doesn't. For example, the following two line LLVM program
gets stuck because r2 is not assigned (ignoring for the moment the static
restriction that LLVM is in SSA form).
r1 := r2
Exit(0)
The compilation to llair omits the assignment and so we get a llair
program that doesn't get stuck:
Exit(0)
The key question is whether the static restrictions are sufficient to
ensure that no expression that might be omitted can get stuck.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17737589
fbshipit-source-id: bc6c01a1b
Summary:
The LLVM semantics and translation was not consistently treating the
1-bit word value condition as signed or unsigned.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17605766
fbshipit-source-id: 77edf63b7
Summary:
Give the llair semantics observable side effects (writes to global
variables) and a semantic function mirroring the LLVM semantics. Start
sketching out the LLVM/llair translation equivalence proof in a top-down
way from the obvious statement of equality of the semantics.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17399654
fbshipit-source-id: 2170678a8
Summary:
This includes a few changes and corrections to the semantics, to support
the translation. This initial attempt to reason about LLVM -> llair
showed three things that needed repair in the semantics, in addition to
various bugs. We address them as follows.
Refactor llair semantics to have only a single kind of flat value:
integers that fit into specified bit widths. Operations on size values
(e.g., offsets, indices and the like) can just take an integer and
ignore its number of bits. Pointers can just be considered integers that
fit into a certain size given by the constant pointer_size. Later on we
can consider making this a parameter to the model.
Change the generic memory model interface to use numbers rather than
words as the generic encoding of a large value. This makes it more
useful for llair where words are not used.
Pay more careful attention to signed/unsigned issues. Neither LLVM nor
llair have a concept of signed vs unsigned value. Instead individual
operations interpret bit patterns in various ways, some of which are
ambiguous in the LLVM manual. For example, since getelementpointer's
indices are explicitly said to be interpreted as signed 2's complement,
we should probably do the same for insertvalue and extractvalue. However
it is not clear how the argument to alloca is to be interpreted. For now
we assume signed.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17164133
fbshipit-source-id: 31a8af635
Summary:
Not everything is here yet, and there is some confusion on what to do
about the size values. However, the semantics has the right general
shape and will be a nice starting point for thinking about the details.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17111041
fbshipit-source-id: cc75651c6
Summary:
LLVM and llair have similar memory models, and we don't want to
duplicate any definitions or theorems. This adds a new memory model
theory which should be understandable in its own right. A heap is a
mapping from addresses to bytes, alongside a set of valid addresses, and
intervals that have been allocated already. Primitives are defined for
allocating and de-allocating as well as reading and writing chuncks of
bytes.
There is also a generic type of structured values, and functions for
converting them to/from byte arrays.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D17074470
fbshipit-source-id: bdab6089f
Summary:
Each variable now contains its type, alongside its name. This is more
uniform than in LLVM, where the name is usually paired with a type, but
not always, for example, the register type of the result of an
extractvalue is left implicit.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D16984630
fbshipit-source-id: 1c3bc4985
Summary:
HOL now lets us omit quotations on Datatypes and make them look more
like the other new-style HOL definitions.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D16983934
fbshipit-source-id: f8ef3abb5
Summary:
This sketches out how translation can be approached. It is partially
based on the Sledge code.
For basic blocks, isn't based on the Sledge code, but just my own
thoughts as a starting point. Essentially, we are trying to build up
larger expressions, and so not assigning to temporary registers that
don't live past the end of the block. This does remove sharing, so a
fancier approach could check for multiple uses of end-of-block dead
registers, or look at the sizes of expressions. The approach should be
flexible enough to accommodate such changes.
Fix icmp syntax
Using finite maps is elegant in the semantics, but awkward for writing
the translation function. Refactor the mappings from labels to functions
and from labels to blocks to use association lists instead.
To remove phi nodes, the translation takes every edge in the control
flow graph and makes a new basic block that contains a single parallel
move instruction that corresponds to the action of the phi node of the
target block.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D16831051
fbshipit-source-id: 005663e26
Summary:
The AST is not complete on expressions, but it should have most of the
important features.
The representation is in some ways very different from the OCaml
implementation, because the OCaml code uses mutation to build the CFG as
an actual pointer graph in memory, and also because the expression
representation is optimised for the backend. For the former, it should
be easy to see that the AST here is isomorphic, representing the CFG
with finite maps from block labels. The correspondence is less clear in
the latter case, but the point here is not to model or verify
implementation optimisations, but to give a semantics to llair as a
language.
Reviewed By: jberdine
Differential Revision: D16807132
fbshipit-source-id: b0f64b3ec
Scott Owens